Editorial Curation and Identity Management in Digital Libraries

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Editorial Curation and Identity Management in
Digital Libraries

• A Case Study of the NSDL
• David Millman and Kate Wittenberg, Columbia
  University

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National Science Digital Library

• Established by the NSF in 2000 as an online
  library of exemplary resources in science,
  technology, engineering, and mathematics for
  audiences from Pre-K to Lifelong Learners
• Core Integration UCAR, Cornell, Columbia
• Pathways Discipline-specific portals

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Core Integration

• UCAR manages educational outreach, project
  management, evaluation
• Cornell hosts and operates production services
• Columbia handles collection development,
  publisher partnerships, shibboleth identity
  management

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Pathways

• Audience or Discipline-Specific Portals
• Currently, these include biology, chemistry,
  computational science, engineering, materials
  science, mathematics, middle schools, community
  colleges, multimedia classroom resources, and
  physics and astronomy

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Columbias Work New Models for Digital Library
Development

• Placing publishers content in educational
  context
• Embedding a virtual learning world within digital
  library resources
• Community sign-on as access management strategy
  for a distributed digital library

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Research Articles in Context

• Selected collections of full text primary
  research articles from scientific journals
• Audience-appropriate overviews, links to related
  background materials in the NSDL and in other
  digital collections
• Evolution of publisher participation within
  digital libraries

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Research-based Learning Environment

• NSDL publisher partners have made available
  classic articles that represent critical moments
  in scientific research
• Core Integration editorial staff have hired
  subject specialists and teachers to serve as
  editors of the sections

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Classic Articles in Context

• Overview of the subject
• Explanation of significant aspects of the
  research
• Discussion of the work within the larger
  literature on the subject
• References to other resources within the library
  (datasets, simulations, classroom materials)

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Editorial Curation to Enhance Digital Library
Resources

• Students will be able to use NSDL resources to
  answer questions and find information
• They will simultaneously develop skills in
  research and information literacy
• Users understand the provenance, authenticity,
  and contexts of information
• Connecting closed classroom tools with the
  open Web

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Immersive Activity to Enhance Digital Library
Resources
Virtual Learning Worlds

• Research state of the art in
• serious gaming
• Collaboration Outreach
• 3D Game Prototype

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Virtual Learning Worlds

• Games that can develop skills in leadership,
  strategic thinking, problem solving,
  collaboration
• Already familiar to arriving students
• Research advisory board education and content
  specialists, learning theorists, teachers

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Demo
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VLW Prototype

• Prototype House of Chaos to illustrate
  concepts in physics
• Collaboration with NSDL comPADRE Pathway project
• Students can follow links to underlying NSDL
  content for further investigation of demonstrated
  concepts (gravity, friction, lightning, etc)

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VLW Next Steps

• Testing integration as a social network
  application (see Facebook)
• Game-based metaphors for current DL facilities,
  like search, and tools, like faceted search
  or concept map navigation (see, e.g, NSDL
  Strand Map Service from Digital Learning
  Sciences)
• Investigate metadata requirements to implement
  facilities most seamlessly

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VLW Next Steps

• Testing integration as a social network
  application (see Facebook)
• Game-based metaphors for current DL facilities,
  like search, and tools, like faceted search
  or concept map navigation (see, e.g, NSDL
  Strand Map Service from Digital Learning
  Sciences)
• Investigate metadata requirements to implement
  facilities most seamlessly

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Core Infrastructure Case Study Community Sign-on

• NSDL is a distributed digital library of
  collections, services, and infrastructure
  components--that is, a Virtual Organization
• Community Sign-on (CSO) is an Identity
  Management system for this virtual organization
• CSO is an implementation of Shibboleth
• CSO allows access to multiple NSDL partner sites
  and services with a single login
• CSO facilitates collaboration between and sharing
  among partner services

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CSO Changes Over Time

• Evolution of NSDL-wide project requirements and
  the experience of the participants
• Technical skill set becomes more widely available
• Business model creates project incentives to know
  about each others users, to collaborate with
  each other, or to act as a whole
• Review the interactions within the project ecology

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CSO Ecology 2001-2007
Policy
privacy, IP protect, scalability
metadata standards
Planning
top-down vocab dvl
partners w/own infrastructure
bot-up vocab dvl
cross-party svcs
technology selection
centralized consulting
architectural integration
Technology
deployments
Business model
free content
personalized services
sustain w/own subscribers
External drivers
IdM in soc nets, collabs
google
funding structure
funding structure
2001
2007
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CSO Ecology 2001-2007
Policy
privacy, IP protect, scalability
metadata standards
Planning
top-down vocab dvl
partners w/own infrastructure
bot-up vocab dvl
cross-party svcs
technology selection
centralized consulting
architectural integration
Technology
deployments
Business model
free content
personalized services
sustain w/own subscribers
External drivers
IdM in soc nets, collabs
google
funding structure
funding structure
2001
2007
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CSO Policy

• Privacy, Intellectual Property protections,
  scalability
• Metadata standards
• Main policy decisions made early in the process
  -- more impact from the interaction of other
  factors over time

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CSO Ecology 2001-2007
Policy
privacy, IP protect, scalability
metadata standards
Planning
top-down vocab dvl
partners w/own infrastructure
bot-up vocab dvl
cross-party svcs
technology selection
centralized consulting
architectural integration
Technology
deployments
Business model
free content
personalized services
sustain w/own subscribers
External drivers
IdM in soc nets, collabs
google
funding structure
funding structure
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CSO Planning

• Selection of IdM technology Shibboleth, the SAML
  application from the Internet2 consortium
• Vocabulary development-- centrally driven
  (teacher vs student)
• Partners bring broader goals and own
  organizational structures
• Vocabulary development revisited-- bottom-up
  based on partners requirements (trusted
  contributor vs others)
• Cross-project services-- bottom-up based on
  particular strengths of the partners

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CSO Ecology 2001-2007
Policy
privacy, IP protect, scalability
metadata standards
Planning
top-down vocab dvl
partners w/own infrastructure
bot-up vocab dvl
cross-party svcs
technology selection
centralized consulting
architectural integration
Technology
deployments
Business model
free content
personalized services
sustain w/own subscribers
External drivers
IdM in soc nets, collabs
google
funding structure
funding structure
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CSO Technology

• Centralized consulting, training, evangelizing
• Architecture integration analysis, consulting
• Integration of deployments, clearinghouse for
  interoperation configuration
• Analysis of alternative IdM options, industry
  tracking

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CSO Ecology 2001-2007
Policy
privacy, IP protect, scalability
metadata standards
Planning
top-down vocab dvl
partners w/own infrastructure
bot-up vocab dvl
cross-party svcs
technology selection
centralized consulting
architectural integration
Technology
deployments
Business model
free content
personalized services
sustain w/own subscribers
External drivers
IdM in soc nets, collabs
google
funding structure
funding structure
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CSO Business Models

• Significant free content
• Personalized services (social net, workflow)
• Integration with existing paid-subscriber
  services to increase sustainability

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CSO Ecology 2001-2007
Policy
privacy, IP protect, scalability
metadata standards
Planning
top-down vocab dvl
partners w/own infrastructure
bot-up vocab dvl
cross-party svcs
technology selection
centralized consulting
architectural integration
Technology
deployments
Business model
free content
personalized services
sustain w/own subscribers
External drivers
IdM in soc nets, collabs
google
funding structure
funding structure
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CSO External Drivers

• Google search in contrast to metadata-centric
  effort. How much data consistency is necessary?
• Funding structure (I) NSF creates larger partner
  projects (Pathways)
• Identities increasingly important in social
  network services
• Funding structure (II) increasing demand for
  sustainability plans

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CSO Status/Next Steps

• CSO remains key infrastructure service, though
  not for all the original reasons
• Evolutionary process -- few tasks are done
• Within current technology, several architectural
  changes can improve partner efficiency and user
  experience
• Next steps require more granular trust values
  (confidence measures of both partners and
  individual users)