Dissemination of solar and hydro potentials Computation

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Dissemination of solar and hydro potentials
Computation

• Evaluation and presentation of concrete solar
  potentials in Kyrgyzstan by means of SAGAGIS

Rainer Prüller Graz University of Technology
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Solar radiation

• 174 of 342 W/m² reach the surface
• Absorbation
• Reflection
• Parameters are very difficult to measure
• Modeling possible

Interaction of incoming solar radiation with the
atmosphere (Source Thomas Higher Education)
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GIS and solar potential

• Solar potential depends on
• Geograhic latitude
• Daytime and season
• Athmospheric conditions
• Topography
• Altitude
• Slope
• Aspect
• Topography ? DEM ? GIS analysis

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SAGA and solar potential

• SAGA module Incoming solar radiation
• Potential solar energy of an area over a time
  span
• Scale unit kWh/m² resp. J/m²
• Various parameters adjustable

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Retrospect DEM import

• Import of a GRID from Shapefile
• Module Libraries Grid Gridding
• Module Shape to Grid

Source data Height information Dimension
Grid Size
Imported Grid
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SagaGIS Incoming Solar Radiation
Found under Modules ? Terrain Analysis
Ligthning, Visibility ? Incoming Solar Radiation
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Input parameters - Grids

• Grid system
• Imported Grid (Shape to Grid)
• Elevation
• Elevation information from DEM
• Solar Radiation
• Automatical created by the module
• Duration of Insulation
• Automatical created by the module

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Input parameters Duration of insulation

• Update View
• Updates the map during calculations
• Unit
• Energy per area
• kWh/m²
• J/m²
• 1 Joule 1 Ws
• 1 kWh 3600000 Joule

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Input parameters Solar radiation

• Solar Constant W/m²
• Long-term middle of extraterrestric solar
  insulation
• Estimated by Stefan-Boltzmann-Low
• Value defined by World Meteorological
  Organization
• 1367 W/m²

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Input parameters Atmospheric Effects

• Atmospheric effects
• Summary of influence by water and dust
• Lumped athmospherice transmittance
• Calculating the components
• Lumped Transmittance
• Transmittance of the athmosphere
• Usually between 60 and 80

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Input parameters Atmospheric Effects

• Atmosperic Pressure mb
• Approximated by hydrostatic pressure
• Decreases with higher altitude
• Low pressure areas have less atmospheric mass
  above their location
• Standard atmosphere 1013.25 milibars
• 1 mb 1 hPa 760 torr

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Input parameters Atmospheric Effects

• Water Content cm
• Water vapor in the atmosphere
• Continuously generated by evaporation
• Removed by condensation
• Atmospheric water content of a vertical slice
• Usually between 1.5 and 1.7 cm
• Average 1.68 cm

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Input parameters Atmospheric Effects

• Dust ppm
• Dust proportion in atmosphere
• ppm Parts per million
• Denotes realitve proportions
• Standard Dust factor 100 ppm
• 0.04
• Latitude Degree
• Geographic latitude
• Bishkek 42.87

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Input parameters Daily Time Resolution

• Time Span h
• To calclulate a time span of a day
• Minimum Starttime
• Maximum Endtime
• Time Step h
• Time step between calculations

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Input parameters Simulation time

• Single Day
• Date of day under investigation
• Day
• Month
• Range of Days
• Time Span day of year
• Minimum
• Maximum
• Time Step number of days

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Practical part

• Single Day
• 25th of August
• Bishkek region
• Input paramters
• Standard values
• Varying those parameters

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Results Duration of Insulation
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Results Incoming Solar Radiation
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Exercise

• Run with different parameter settings
• Calculation of four seasons
• Calculation morining midday evening
• Calculation of annual Solar radiation

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Dissemination of solar and hydro potentials
Computation

• Evaluation and presentation of concrete solar
  potentials in Kyrgyzstan by means of SAGAGIS

Rainer Prüller Graz University of Technology