Gender and

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Developing Gender Statistics
Gender and Population Sub Groups
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Disadvantaged in terms of social status,
education, employment, wealth and other social
and economic dimensions.
Source www.hscripts.com
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Women in some population groups are subject to a
double disadvantage, as minorities, and as
women.
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Unemployment rate by sex and ethnicity, United
Kingdom 2004
Source Annual Population Survey, January 2004
to December 2004, Office for National Statistics,
UK
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• Statistics on gender and ethnicity are needed
• to address inequalities within and between
  population groups
• to monitor and evaluate the impact of policies
  and measures on
• minority women and men

Gender
Socio-Cultural Background
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Earnings by ethnicity and sex in New Zealand
Source Statistics New Zealand, 1998
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Is there open debate on ethno-cultural characteri
stics in your country?
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Declaration of minority group affiliation is
sensitive. National statistical offices omit
sensitive topics in data collection.
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The actual meaning of responses depends on the
socio-political environment of the country. Only
if it is safe or favorable enough for individuals
to identify their minority status, respondents
are ready to identify themselves as part of
segregated population subgroups..
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Sample size and sample design are crucial to
determine the possibility of obtaining
significant data for small groups. Producing
statistically significant results may not always
be possible in survey, due to the small number
of people from population sub-groups
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Population censuses are a better tool to identify
small population groups.
Administrative data can also be a valuable source
of information on population sub-groups and
gender.
Logo of Russian Census, 2002
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Statistics are rarely presented and disseminated
broken down by ethnic status. This makes it
difficult to measure gender differences within
the different ethnic groups.
Cover pages of Statistic and Demographic
Yearbooks of Uzbekistan, 2004
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What can we do to improve the quality and
availability of statistics on gender and
ethno-cultural characteristics?
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National Statistical Office
Population Sub Group Member
Source www.freedigitalphotos.net
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Pre-coded questions Open-ended
questions
Encourage persons to report their status Use
open-ended instead of pre-coded questions to
increase perception of neutrality.
Example of open-ended questions, Census
questionnaire, FYROM
Example of pre-coded questions, Ethnicity
questionnaire, New Zealand
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• Collect information on migration background as a
  proxy
• Information such as
• country of birth,
• country of birth of parents,
• or citizenship
• may be perceived as less intrusive

Source 2001 Australian Census
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Over-sampling of existing sample surveys should
be considered for some areas or population groups
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Edited by United Nations Economic Commission for
Europe - Statistics Division World Bank Institute
- Poverty Reduction and Economic Management
Division Concept Production World Bank
Institute - Multimedia Center Photo
Credits Worldbank Ministry of Foreign Affairs of
France Wikipedia www.hscripts.com