Spatio temporal modeling and simulations in GIS

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Spatio temporal modeling and simulations in GIS
The Principles

• Tomáš Hlásny,
• Forest Research Institute Zvolen
• SLOVAKIA

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• In reality any system is infinitely complex and
  we can only analyse some system after we
  abstracted from the real system.
• Harvey D., 1969 Explanation in geography,
  London Edward Arnold, 521 p.

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Terminology

• A Model
• Modelling and simulation
• Computer simulation

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Basic Principles

• Projection
• Abstraction, discretisation, tessellation
• Uncertainty natural consequence of modelling
  (Foody and Atkinson 2002, eds., Zhu 1997, Brown
  1998, Agumya and Hunter 1999).

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Linking spatial and temporal modelling
capabilities

• TimeGIS defined principles, terminology and
  data structures for storing and analysing
  spatio-temporal data
• Spatio-temporal Geostatistics goes much deeper
  in analytical techniques and philosophical issues

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TimeGIS

• The area developed recently to specify the
  philosophy, terminology and data structures for
  storing spatio-temporal information
• Chronon
• Granularity of time
• Temporal reference frame
• Snapshot model, Temporal Map Set Model, Spatio
  Temporal Object Model, Event Based Spatial
  Temporal Data Model , etc.

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Snapshot model
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Modern spatio-temporal geostatistics

• Derives from the classical geostatistics but
  differs in the following aspects
• Full integration of spatial and temporal
  dimensions
• The shift from inductive framework to ontological
  and epistemic status of stochastic analysis

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Spatio-Temporal Random Fields

• The Rn x T spatio-temporal continuum as reference
  frame is considered
• Field concept
• The Complementarity Idea

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Conclusion

• Missing integrated environment for complex
  spatio-temporal analyses
• Artificial integration of statistical Time
  Series Analyses technique into existing GIS
  environments
• Recent development of new branches of spatial
  science integrating effectively spatial and
  temporal dimensions