Biodiversity on planet earth

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Biodiversity on planet earth
pbs.org/wnet/nature/
http//www.apple.com/trailers/disney/earth/
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Biodiversity is

• The variety of life in all its forms,
• levels and combinations Chicago Wilderness

chicagowilderness.org/
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Another definition www.flinders.edu.au/courses/po
stgrad/bd/bd_home.cfm

• Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth,
  from the simplest bacterial gene to vast, complex
  rainforests. It is the number and variety of
  animal, plant, fungi and microbes which inhabit
  the Earth, the genetic variation within them, as
  well as the difference in the places that these
  organisms live. This variety of life has evolved
  over hundreds of millions of years.

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• immediart.com/catalog/product_info.

www.biojobblog.com/articles/odds-n-ends/
biojobblog.com
marinebio.org/i/biodiversity2.jpg
hypertextopia.com/library/read/16/125/62
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Its the web of life

• The conservation of biodiversity is attracting
  increasing international and national attention,
  as more species, habitats and ecosystems become
  threatened or endangered. Threats to biodiversity
  include loss of species through habitat
  destruction or fragmentation and invasion by
  introduced animal or plant species. The study of
  biodiversity will lead to better management of
  ecosystems, and improve the conservation outlook
  for many habitats and species.
• http//www.scieng.flinders.edu.au/courses/biodiver
  sity/postgrad/

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More on what it is.

• These web resources are on our syllabus.
• http//www.serconline.org/biodiversity/
• http//www.cpaws-sask.org/parks_wilderness/biodive
  rsity.html
• http//www.fieldmuseum.org/biodiversity/intro.html

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The diversity of life is a result of change over
time.

• What is evolution?
• What is Darwins theory of evolution by natural
  selection?
• What do we mean by natural and who or what
  selects?
• Short videos on evolution for those who need more
  background info. http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution
  /educators/teachstuds/svideos.html

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the raw material of evolution

• Chromosomes http//images.google.com/images?hlen
  qchromosomesbtnGSearchImagesgbv2
• Genes http//www.accessexcellence.org/RC/VL/GG/gen
  e2.php
• Allele http//library.thinkquest.org/C0118084/Gene
  /Genetic_variation/dominant_recessive_files/homolo
  gous_chromosomes.gif
• Gene pool http//www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link/c
  ool_stuff/tour_evolution_2.html
• Mutation http//www.accessexcellence.org/RC/VL/GG/
  mutation.html
• Meiosis, crossing over http//www.agen.ufl.edu/ch
  yn/age2062/lect/lect_10/16_23.GIF

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Adaptations increase chances of survival!

• what do we mean by adaptations?
• http//videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/26705-coastlin
  es-and-seas-life-on-the-coral-reef-video.htm
• human adaptations
• Melanin http//anthro.palomar.edu/adapt/adapt_4.h
  tm
• To climate http//anthro.palomar.edu/adapt/adapt_
  2.htm
• what is coevolution?
• http//www.vsocial.com/video/?d78530

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These also fuel evolution

• Allopatric speciation
• http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/05/2/l_0
  52_03.html
• Geographic isolation
• Reproductive isolation
• Sympatric speciation
• Hudson River Valley...flies bred on Hawthorne
  fruits,
• mid 1800s
• Commercial apple orchards appear 150 yrs. ago
• Some females lay eggs on apples instead
• Fewer larvae survived on apples but continued to
  seek out apple trees for mating
• Two types of flies now exist in HRV

www.msu.edu/jimsmith/research.html
www.nd.edu/aforbes/rpmass1.jpg
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Adaptive Radiation

• http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/darwin/origin/in
  dex.html

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ExtinctionUltimate fate of all species...99.9
of all species are extinct.. our text

• Background low rate of extinction as local
  environment changes.
• Mass extinction significant rise above
  background level (25-70 of all organisms become
  extinct in one time period)
• 5 extinctions, are we headed towards 6th ?
• What is 6th? http//www.actionbioscience.org/newfr
  ontiers/eldredge2.html
• Pangea http//www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee
  /BIOBK/BioBookPaleo5.html
• Mass depletion higher than normal but not as
  high as ME. Our book says new evidence indicates
  2 mass extinctions 3 mass depletions over 500
  million years!

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Slide show UN CBD
http//www.cbd.int/doc/videos/cop-08/2010-target.s
wf