Chapter 17 Review Water and Aqueous Systems

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Chapter 17 ReviewWater and Aqueous Systems

• Milbank High School

2
Chapter 17 - Review

• What is the effect of a wetting agent on surface
  tension?
• How many nonbonding pairs of electrons are in a
  water molecule?
• How does the surface tension of water compare
  with the surface tensions of most other liquids?

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Chapter 17 - Review

• What is primarily responsible for the surface
  tension of water?
• What are some results of surface tension in
  water?
• How does a surfactant reduce surface tension?
• What causes waters low vapor pressure?

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Chapter 17 - Review

• A solution is a mixture that ____.
• Which is insoluble in water NaCl or CF4?
• What occurs in solvation?
• Why are two nonpolar substances able to dissolve
  in each other?

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Chapter 17 - Review

• Which of the following is a nonelectrolyte
  sodium bromide or carbon tetrachloride?
• What type of compound is always an electrolyte
  nonpolar covalent or ionic?

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Chapter 17 - Review

• Which is not an electrolyte CCl4 or LiCl?
• An electric current is conducted by a sugar
  solution or a salt solution?

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Chapter 17 - Review

• What is another term for the water of hydration?
• A hydrated crystal that has a water vapor
  pressure greater than the water vapor pressure of
  air is called _____.
• A crystal that absorbs water vapor from the air
  is called ____.

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Chapter 17 - Review

• A crystal that absorbs water vapor from the air
  and then dissolves in the water is ____.
• What is true concerning the result of a
  deliquescent substance dissolving in the water it
  absorbs from the air?
• What is true concerning efflorescent hydrates?

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Chapter 17 - Review

• What causes Brownian motion in colloidal
  suspensions?
• An emulsion is what type of mixture?
• An emulsion is a colloidal dispersion of ___ in
  ____.
• An emulsifying agent is typically characterized
  by having ____.

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Chapter 17 - Review

• Which of the following mixtures is not a colloid
  sugar water or fog?
• Know characteristics of the different types of
  mixtures.
• What types of mixtures exhibit the Tyndall
  effect?
• Emulsions are ______.

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Chapter 18 ReviewSolutions

• Milbank High School

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Chapter 18 - Review

• If the solubility of a gas in water is 4.0 g/L
  when the pressure of the gas above the water is
  3.0 atm, what is the pressure of the gas above
  the water when the solubility of the gas is 1.0
  g/L?
• What factor(s) affect solubility of a particular
  substance?

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Chapter 18 - Review

• What operation(s) usually make a substance
  dissolve faster in a solvent?
• What are the units generally used for solubility?
• Which of the following pairs of substances are
  miscible a) water and gasoline, or b) water and
  ethanol?

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Chapter 18 - Review

• If the solubility of a particular solute is 10
  g/100 g H2O at 20 oC, which represents a
  supersaturated solution a) 11 g/100 g H2O at 20
  oC, or b) 9 g/100 g H2O at 20 oC
• How does solubility generally vary as the
  temperature increases?

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Chapter 18 - Review

• If the pressure of a gas above a liquid is
  increased (at constant temperature), the
  solubility of the gas in the liquid _____.
• The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly
  proportional to ____.
• In general, as the temperature is increased, the
  gas solubility is __.

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Chapter 18 - Review

• In a concentrated solution, there is a _____
  amount of solute.
• What is the molarity of a solution containing 9.0
  moles of solute in 500 mL of solution?
• What is the number of moles of solute in 250 mL
  of a 0.4 M solution?

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Chapter 18 - Review

• What mass of Na2SO4 is needed to make 2.5 L of
  2.0 M solution?
• How many mL of 3.0 M HCl are needed to make 300
  mL of 0.1 M HCl?
• If the percent by volume is 2.0 and the volume
  of solution is 250 mL, what is the volume of
  solute?

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Chapter 18 - Review

• If the percent (mass/volume) for the solute is 4
  and the volume of the solution is 750 mL, what is
  the mass of solute in solution?
• What is the volume of alcohol present in 200.0 mL
  of a 55 (v/v) solution of alcohol?

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Terms

• Efflorescent Aqueous solution
• Deliquescent Solvation
• Surfactant Emulsion
• Water of hydration Suspension
• Hygroscopic Solute
• Desiccant Surface Tension
• Colloid Brownian Motion
• Electrolyte Tyndall Effect
• Solvent Supersaturated Solution
• Miscible Henrys Law