IOP4 summary

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IOP-4 summary

• http//www.clivar.org/organization/indian/indian_m
  embers.php

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Indian Ocean relevant variability

• IOD (interannual variability)

And 2006 !
Impacts
Saji et al., 1999
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Indian Ocean relevant variability

• MJO, monsoon breaks (intraseasonal variability)
• In Winter link to El Niño, cyclone activity
• In summer link to the monsoon active and break
  phases

SUMMER
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Winter MJO

• Statistical study Duvel and Vialard (2007)

No strong SST response in western Pacific
Other region of strong SST response
 Cirene  region 
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Winter MJO

• Case study Vecchi and Harison (2000), Duvel et
  al. (2004)

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IndOOS strategy for next 1-2 years

• Mooring Array (NIO, JAMSTEC, NOAA, FIO)

Initial design
Published October 2006 in CLIVAR Exchanges
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IndOOS strategy for next 1-2 years

• Mooring Array

Implemented as of April 2007
32 complete (15 out of 47 Sites 3 Flux
Reference Sites)
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IndOOS strategy for next 1-2 years

• Mooring Array
• A lot of fishing vandalism
• Development of a new mooring design
• Maintain sites already established, enhance array
  in BoB and at 80E
• Process study with subsurface moorings along 80E

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IndOOS strategy for next 1-2 years

• Mooring Array

Planned deployments for next year (NOAA, FIO)
NIO enhancement of ADCPs with T,S (not
realtime) Additional subsurface moorings
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IndOOS strategy for next 1-2 years

• Argo

389 profilers north of 40S out of
420. Resources available for completion in 2007.
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IndOOS strategy for next 1-2 years

• Argo
• 165 deployments planned for 20078

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IndOOS strategy for next 1-2 years

• XBT
• IX8 reactivated, monthly. IX1 enhanced to weekly.
  IX1IX12 has a 6 month gap in 2006/7, now
  restored. Other lines ok.

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IndOOS strategy for next 1-2 years

• Indian ocean data portal
• Hosted at INCOIS
• http//www.incois.gov.in/Incois/iogoos/home_indoos
  .jsp
• Right now mostly links to sources of data but
  infrastructure available (LAS) to access
  consolidated dataset (meta-data to collect)

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Process studies

• Proposal McPhaden build on IndOOS mooring array
  for a 3 years monitoring at 80E

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Process studies

• Proposal CAOS IISc., NIO, INCOIS, NIOT, PRL
• North Bay of Bengal Freshwater - effect on upper
  ocean physics, biogeochemistry possible
  influence on post-monsoon cyclones.

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Process studies

• Completed
• MISMO (onset of the convection)
• CIRENE (winter MJO and its oceanic signature)
• INSTANT (monitoring of Indonesian Throughflow)
• Ongoing
• HARIMAU radar monitoring of the atmospheric
  structure over Indonesia, collaboration with
  Japan)

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Large-scale Cloud Activity along the Equator
during Sep. 2006 Feb. 2007
http//www.jamstec.go.jp/iorgc/mismo/index-e.html
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Cloud Activities during the MISMO Intensive
Observation Period
MIRAI
Maldives
Leg - 1
Leg - 2
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Science talks

• Suggestion for new directions to e adressed by
  panel
• Africa - Indian ocean climate relations
• Decadal variations over Indian ocean
• Predictability of intraseasonal / interannual
  variability (AAMP)
• Surface layer heat budgets using reanalyses
  products

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Various items

• Agulhas current array (Beal proposal to be
  evaluated by panel)

• Agulhas array (Beal) transports
• are major constraint on IO and
• Atlantic heat and freshwater budgets.
• Moz. Chnl. Array (Dutch) pathway
• of varying tropical and subtropical
• sources of the Agulhas.
• EMC array (Dutch) convergence of
• variability of subtropical gyre system.

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Various items

• SIBER project
• Coral bleaching
• Presentation of WAMSI (Western Australian Marine
  Institution) and NW shelf review

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Various items

• JCOMM Indian Ocean Indices (to be finished)
• CLIMATE VARIATION INDICES
• DMI plus IOD east and IOD west related rainfall
  impacts (Indonesia, Kenya, South Eastern
  Australia) (Gary Meyers)
• Thermocline ridge near 5-12S and related cyclone
  activity (Jerome Vialard, Tony Lee and Chris
  Reason)
• Southern subtropical dipoles and relation to
  impacts on southern and eastern Africa (Chris
  Reason)
• CLIMATE CHANGE INDICES
• Basin-mean SST anomaly (say north of 20S)
• Indonesian Throughflow index (Gary Meyers )
• Index of the Agulhas retroflection (Will
  DeRuijter)

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The Cirene cruise

• a preliminary overview

Jérôme Vialard LOCEAN (Paris) jv_at_locean-ipsl.upmc
.fr
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Outline

• Scientific goals experiment description
• Large scale conditions
• Vasco into the eye of a cyclone!
• Cirene clearest blue

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Winter MJO

• Case study Vecchi and Harison (2000), Duvel et
  al. (2004)

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Scientific goals experiment description
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Scientific goals experiment description

• Scientific questions ?
• Processes driving the SST
• Respective role of fluxes / Ekman pumping and
  mixing?
• Role of the diurnal cycle?
• Role of thermocline in maintaining shallow mixed
  layer
• Why such a warm SST in a shallow thermocline
  upwelling region?
• Biogeochemical response of the ocean to the MJO
• Ocean feedback on the atmosphere?

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Two components (Jan-Feb 2007)
Scientific goals experiment description

• The Vasco experiment (PI J-P. Duvel)
• Deployment of Aeroclippers and pressurised
  baloons from Seychelles
• The Cirene cruise (PI J. Vialard)
• Oceanographic campaign with the Ifremer RV  Le
  Suroît , starting from Seychelles

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Two components
Scientific goals experiment description
VASCO aeroclippers and pressurised baloons
Cirene cruise AREA
Seychelles
ATLAS mooring
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VASCO Aeroclippers and PBs
Scientific goals experiment description
T, q, p at pressure level
Estimate of turbulent fluxes
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CIRENE
Scientific goals experiment description

• Continuous measurements
• M-AERI, all sky camera (P. Minnett, RSMAS)
• Air-sea fluxes (with some redundancy)
• Ship thermosalinograph and ADCP
• XBT sections during transits
• Measurements in station
• CTD (T, S, p, fluorescence, PAR -gt500m every 20
  mins, L-ADCP -gt 1000m every 6 hours)
• 4 radiosondes per day
• Deployments
• 12 Argo profilers
• Surface drifters (R. Weller, WHOI)
• ASIP (second leg) (B. Ward, WHOI)
• ATLAS ADCP mooring (M. McPhaden, PMEL)

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Outline

• Scientific goals experiment description
• Large scale conditions
• Vasco into the eye of a cyclone!
• Cirene clearest blue

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Large scale conditions
T anomaly from XBTs
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Cyclones in 2006-2007
Large scale conditions
2006-7 (11) 2005-6 (5) 2004-5 (10) 2003-4
(10) Dora 7 Favio 9 Gamede 10
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Large scale conditions
GAMEDE

FAVIO
SLA
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Outline

• Scientific goals experiment description
• Large scale conditions
• Vasco into the eye of the cyclone!
• Cirene clearest blue

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Aeroclipper trajectories
VASCO into the eye of the cyclone
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Convergence
VASCO into the eye of the cyclone
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In the eye
VASCO into the eye of the cyclone
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Surface wind measurement into the eye
VASCO into the eye of the cyclone
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Outline

• Scientific goals experiment description
• Large scale conditions
• Vasco into the eye of a cyclone!
• Cirene clearest blue

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This is not a swimming pool!
Cirene clearest blue
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Cirene clearest blue
lt 0.05 mg.m-3
0.4 mg.m-3
First leg fluorescence
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Cirene clearest blue
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Cirene clearest blue
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Cirene clearest blue
Collab. with R. Weller (WHOI) and B. Ward (CCPO)
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CTD
Cirene clearest blue
Cyclone cooling Salty water mass 30-70m M2
internal tide
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S-ADCP
Cirene clearest blue
Inertial response to wind Deep currents (L-ADCP)
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CIRENE ATLAS Mooring
34-day deployment with flux enhancements
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Argo profilers5 day intervalsdeployed by 3
Cirene clearest blue
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Argo profilers (exemple)
Cirene clearest blue
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Highlights

• An ATLAS mooring deployed at 67E, 8S
• In-situ documentation of anomalies following IOD
• No active phase of the MJO but cyclone-induced
  cooling has been monitored
• Interesting database for
• Ocean mixing and small scale processes
• Air-sea fluxes
• Atmospheric boundary layer and convection
• Upper ocean diurnal cycle
• Biogeochemistry

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The Cirene analyses

• Large scale anomalies description after a dipole
• Heat, salt and momentum budget at
• Cirene station
• ATLAS and ADCP mooring
• Argo profilers (advection estimate)
• 1D ocean modelling (TKE / KPP, high vertical
  resolution)
• 1D atmospheric modelling
• Coupled model with 300 levels ocean
• Guided AGCM run ?
• Were open to collaborative work!!!

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The two sides of oceanography!
The B-side
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The two sides of oceanography!
The A-side