Pengantar Teknologi Informasi

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Pengantar Teknologi Informasi
8. Layer network

• Fakultas Ekonomi
• UNPAR

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Sebelumnya

• Komunikasi
• Standard
• Protocol
• Layer
• Modem
• Ethernet IEEE 802.3
• Media komunikasi
• Wire utp, stp, coax, fo
• Wireless radio, wavelan, wifi, bluetooth

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Hub, switch

• Hubungkan komputer dalam satu network

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Hub layer fisik
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Switch layer data link
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Router layer network
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Layer network

• Pengalamatan
• Sub-network (subnet)
• Inter-network (internet)

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Pengalamatan

• Alamat identitas setiap host
• Struktur
• 32 bit
• 4 decimal dotted
• Contoh 192.168.2.3 C0.A8.02.03
• Kelas
• Alamat khusus

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Melihat alamat host
gatut_at_student2003/home/gatut
Enter
command ifconfig fxp1 fxp1 flags8843ltUP,BROADCA
ST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICASTgt mtu 1500
inet 10.210.1.23 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast
10.210.1.255 inet6 fe80202b3fffeb0901
1fxp1 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x2 ether
0002b3b09011 media Ethernet
autoselect (100baseTX ltfull-duplexgt)
status active
C\Windowsgt ipconfig Windows IP
Configuration Ethernet adapter Local Area
Connection Connection-specific DNS
Suffix . IP Address. . . . . . . . . .
. . 10.1.11.105 Subnet Mask . . . . . .
. . . . . 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway
. . . . . . . . . 10.1.11.1
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Alamat IP MS Windows
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Network

• Netmask menandai kelompok yang sama
• Alamat dalam satu network
• Contoh
• Host address 192.168.2.3
• Netmask 255.255.255.0
• Network address 192.168.2.0
• Host dalam network tsb mencakup
• 192.168.2.1 hingga 192.168.2.254
• 192.168.2.255 ? broadcast address

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Subnet-1 bag. keuangan
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Subnet-2 bag. pemasaran
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Inter-network
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Routing
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Routing
gatut_at_student2003/home/gatut
Enter Command
netstat -rn Routing tables Internet Destination
Gateway Flags Refs Use
Netif Expire default 202.150.34.1
UGSc 4 475 fxp0 10
10.210.1.7 UGSc 3 231
fxp1 10.210.1/24 link2 UC
6 0 fxp1 10.210.1.1
000102670bf1 UHLW 0 2 fxp1
1155 10.210.1.7 00010296fd6b UHLW
4 14678 fxp1 1129 10.210.1.8
00600896e177 UHLW 3 73 fxp1
957 10.210.1.13 005004e3b465 UHLW
3 115299 fxp1 1028 10.210.1.23
0002b3b09011 UHLW 1 19430
lo0 10.210.1.255 ffffffffffff UHLWb
0 2907 fxp1 10.210.2.58
10.210.1.8 UGHD 0 2
fxp1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 UH
0 815 lo0 202.150.34/27 link1
UC 4 0
fxp0 202.150.34.1 00010267141a UHLW
5 1 fxp0 1090 202.150.34.7
00021ef60892 UHLW 0 0 fxp0
1111 202.150.34.23 0002b3b09046 UHLW
0 2 lo0 202.150.34.31
ffffffffffff UHLWb 1 2907 fxp0
Alamat tujuan
Melalui gerbang ini
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Peralatan

• Bridge
• Router
• Gateway
• Circuit

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Bridge

• Jembatan dua segmen network

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Router

• Hubungkan 2 network yang berbeda

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Internet infrastruktur

• Inter network
• Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) within
  theDepartment of Defense (DoD) DARPA
• Menghubungkan banyak networks

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Internet infrastruktur

• Inter network ARPANET
• Menghubungkan banyak networks
• Terdapat banyak backbone nasional dan
  internasional.
• Internet Service Provider penyedia jasa
  menghubungkan network ke backbone.
• ISOC (Internet SOCiety)
• ISOC is the organizational home of the Internet
  Engineering Task Force (IETF), the Internet
  Architecture Board (IAB), the Internet
  Engineering Steering Group (IESG), and the
  Internet Research Task Force - the standards
  setting and research arms of the Internet
  community.

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e-Bussines

• Connecting terhubung ke internet
• Being online situs internet

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Connecting

• Link ke ISP
• Link ISP ke backbone

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Link ke ISP

• Biasanya MAN dalam satu kota, beda gedung
• Alternatif
• Wire dial-up, leased line, cable modem, FO, ...
• Wireless wavelan

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Link ke ISP

• Biasanya MAN dalam satu kota, beda gedung
• Alternatif
• Wire dial-up, leased line, cable modem, FO, ...
• Wireless wavelan

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Layanan ISP

• Connectivity terhubung ke internet
• Host atau network?
• Commision Interest Rate
• IP address
• 1 host 1 ip address
• Static atau dynamic ?
• Sewa network address (tambahan) dari
• APJII (Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet
  Indonesia)
• APNIC, IANA
• Jasa tambahan email, hosting, ...

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Online

• DNS Domain Name System, sistem penamaan
  organisasi.
• Hosting menyewa jasa untuk menempatkan situs

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Penamaan, domain name
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Mendaftarkan domain

• IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
• Registrar jasa pendaftaran domain
• International com/org/net/ ...
• yahoo.com, tucows.com, ..
• Harga USD 5-20 / tahun
• Internet Corporation For Assigned Names and
  Numbers (ICANN)
• Nasional (co/ac/or/...).id
• cc-TLD (dulu IDNIC)
• Harga Rp 150.000,- PPN

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Hosting

• Sewa tempat untuk situs
• Jasa
• Dns mengelola domain sendiri
• Website http//www.myvserver.com/
• eMail gatut_at_myvserver.com
• Database, quota space, programming, ...
• Colocation titip host di internet

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URL

• Uniform Resource Locator
• Format
• ltprotocolgt//lthostnamegt/ltpathgt/ltfilenamegt
• Contoh
• Dns mengelola domain sendiri
• Website http//www.myvserver.com/
• eMail gatut_at_myvserver.com
• Database, quota space, programming, ...