SmallBlock Pine

1
Landscape Level (Four Landscapes)
Do differences among landscape-level disturbance
regimes influence patterns of understory plant
diversity or composition?
Large-Block Pine Oak
Pine Barrens
Small-Block Pine
Pine-Oak-Aspen Forest
2
Brosofske et al.
Cumulative Species Richness
3
Wavelet Analysis of Shannon Diversity (H)
1500
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5
(a) Morlet wavelet of arbitrary width and
amplitude, with time along the x-axis. (b)
Construction of the Morlet wavelet (blue dashed)
as a Sine curve (green) modulated by a Gaussian
(red).
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Wavelet Transform of Species Richness

• Pine Barrens

Resolution (m)
Wavelet Variance
Distance Along Transect (m)
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Wavelet Analysis Comparison
9
Sea surface temperatures averaged over the NINO3
region in the eastern Pacific (5S-5N,
90W-150W). Blue curve is low-pass filtered (gt12
months) SST. Yellow background curve is running
15-year variance, plotted at mid-point of 15-year
period. Curve has been reproduced upside-down to
show "envelope" of variance.
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a) Time series of El Niño sea surface
temperature. (b) The wavelet power spectrum,
using the Morlet wavelet. The x-axis is the
wavelet location in time. The y-axis is the
wavelet period in years. The black contours are
the 10 significance regions, using a red-noise
background spectrum. The red areas indicate that
high El Niño activity occurred during 1880-1920
and 1965-present, while 1920-1960 was relatively
calm.
Comparing Figures 1 and 3 it is now much clearer
that there was large power in the 2-7 year ENSO
period during both the earlier and latter parts
of this century. In addition we can now see hints
of a 16-year oscillation as well as power at even
lower frequencies
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Spatial and
Temporal
Scale