Title: National Inventory and National Collection: the French concept
1National Inventory and National Collection the
French concept
- Véronique Jamilloux, Agnès Ricart,Annick Le
Blanc, Vincent Gensollen,Hélène Bertrand,
François Laurens,Martine Mitteau - BRG, GEVES, INH, INRA
2A presentation divided in 3 parts
- How has the concept of National Collection
been elaborated in France in the light of the
International commitments and of the Global Plan
of Action? - How do we manage the plant genetic resources
in France? - Consequently, how do we apply the concept of
national inventory in France?
3The concept of National Collection in FranceThe
Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
- In accordance with the CBD, to facilitate access
to genetic resources under French sovereignty, - Necessity to identify on the whole French
territory - Ø the genetic material, of actual and potential
value, existing within ecosystems and natural
habitats - Ø the genetic material, of actual and potential
value, that has developed there their distinctive
properties, in the case of domesticated or
cultivated species.
4The concept of National Collection in FranceThe
Global Plan of Action (GPA)
- With the aims of ensuring the conservation of
plant genetic resources for food and agriculture
as a basis for food security, and of
strengthening national programmes, as well as
regional and international programmes, - The GPA implicitly leads to a clear inventory of
the genetic resources under the sovereignty of
each nation in order - Ø to rationalize their conservation from a
sustainability and durability viewpoint - Ø to mainstream the national programmes into
regional and international cooperation.
5The concept of National Collection in France
- A French National Collection
- gathers genetically diversified material i.e. in
a significant and rather homogeneous size, - gathers representative material sampled on the
French territory, in- or ex-situ, - is documented for multicrops passport data and
for some primary characters, - and is available under facilitated access
according to the Convention on Biological
Diversity (1992) and to the International Treaty
on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and
Agriculture (2001).
6Criteria for admission to National Collection
- French cultivars removed from the French or
European catalogues of varieties, - Â Landraces and local varieties from France,
- French or foreign genitors, in particular those
who have given  varieties registered in the
French or European catalogues in their lineage, - Â Material which has been collected in French
territories, - Material known for the presence of identified
genes, such as genotypes used as controls in
certain nurseries or trials, - Material which is little known, but which is
recognized as a genetic resource, and whose
supply or collection remains difficult.
7The management of the PGR in FranceThe National
Charter
- defines the national policy,
- as elaborated and implemented by stakeholders
and policymakers, - and as adopted by funding authorities,
- through
- Ø General review
- Ø Recommendations
- Ø Action programmes
8The management of the PGR in FranceA
decentralized system
- Each National Collection is managed through a
network which - involves the users of genetic resources,
- takes into account all dimensions of plant
genetic diversity part of natural heritage as
well as strategic and economic input, - gathers all the known expertise,
- involves both public and private stakeholders,
including NGOs, - shares the cost of management activities between
the French state and the economic actors, - is, under national coordination, the French
representative in regional networks (ECP/GR,
EUFORGEN) for the relevant species.
9The management of the PGR in FranceA network
which framework?
- In accordance with the Global Plan of Action,
the aim is the rationalization of the PGR
conservation from a sustainability and durability
viewpoint. - So as to ensure the long-term conservation and
the sustainable use of National Collections and
to share responsibilities and conservation tasks,
for each network - Ø a commitment of each stakeholder of the
network, - Ø A network charter, with rules of procedure.
10The management of the PGR in FranceWhich
networks currently?
- Field crop species
- Beets, Fodder and lawn species, Large-seed
Leguminoseae, Maize, Potatoes, Rape,
Small grain cereals, Sunflower. - Fruit species
- Figs and mulberries, Grapevine, Nuts,
Olives, Pome fruits, Prunus. - Ornamentals and industrial species
- - Hydrangea, Lavenders, Pelargonium,
Roses.
11The management of the PGR in FranceWhich
networks currently?
- Vegetables species
- Allium, Artichokes and cardoons, Carrots,
Chicories, Lentils, Market Solanaceae,
Muskmelons, Strawberries, Vegetable
Cruciferae. - Dynamic in-situ management
- Forest trees, Wild relatives.
- Platform for tropical and Mediterranean species
- - with Citrus, banana, coffee, oil palm,
pineapple, rice, soya, sorghum, sugar cane, yams
and many forest species.
12The concept of National Inventory in FranceA
national coordination
- To elaborate and to implement the national
policy for genetic resources to ensure the long
term viability of the French process and to
secure its sustainability - To mainstream and to hold together the national
programme into regional and international
cooperation according to the Global Plan of
Action of the FAO - Ø A governmental institution
- the Bureau des Ressources Génétiques
13The concept of National Inventory in FranceThe
BRG currently
- A scientific group, interministerial body,
constituted by - 6 Ministries respectively in charge of
- Research Industry Agriculture
- Environment Overseas Territories
Cooperation - 7 Scientific Organizations
- INRA MNHN CNRS
- IRD CIRAD Ifremer GEVES
- represented within a Group Council, and managed
by a 9 permanent staff.
14The concept of National Inventory in France
- All the genetic resources wich are
- currently in the National Collections managed by
each national network, - Or complying with the criteria for admission, now
or in the future, - constitute the National Inventory (NI) for
EURISCO, in order to - facilitate access to the genetic diversity under
French sovereignty - ensure access to an available and well documented
genetic material - secure the follow-up and the improvement of
EURISCO.
15The concept of National Inventory in France How
is the NI built
- Whole material held by stakeholders
All National Collections Ú NATIONAL INVENTORY
16To conclude
- The National Inventory that will be available
through EURISCO includes - the whole of the genetic resources under French
sovereignty in accordance with the CBD, - i.e. resources from both public and private
sectors (breeding firms and NGOs), - accessible through the National Collections.
- All the genetic material of French collections
under foreign sovereignty is avoided with the aim
of a long-term clear and sensible European
inventory and of the sustainable supply of
available and documented genetic resources by
their own responsible countries.