Jenney Lesson 49 cum clauses

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Jenney Lesson 49cum clauses

• The verb goes into the subjunctive,
• according to The Sequence of Tenses,
• dependent upon the main verb

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For purpose clauses I have come to praise Caesar.
The verb goes into the subjunctive, according
to The Sequence of Tenses, dependent upon the
main verb
For indirect commands He persuaded me to stay.
The verb goes into the subjunctive, according
to The Sequence of Tenses, dependent upon the
main verb
For fearing clauses I fear that you do not
understand me.
The verb goes into the subjunctive, according
to The Sequence of Tenses, dependent upon the
main verb
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For indirect questions I know where he is hiding.
The verb goes into the subjunctive, according
to The Sequence of Tenses, dependent upon the
main verb
For result clauses He spoke so clearly that
everyone heard him.
The verb goes into the subjunctive, according
to The Sequence of Tenses, dependent upon the
main verb
For cum clauses When he speaks, I listen.
The verb goes into the subjunctive, according
to The Sequence of Tenses, dependent upon the
main verb
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The Sequence of Tenses
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Cum as a Conjunction
You know that cum ablative is a preposition
meaning with cum amico meo, ablative of
accompaniment cum celeritate, ablative of
manner magna cum laude, ablative of manner
But
cum can also be a subordinating conjunction
meaning, in context, when, since or although
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Cum Indicative
cum the indicative in Latin, called cum
temporal, stresses the actual time (present or
future) when an event occurs. Ego cum eram
puer parvus, semper audiebam patrem
matremque. When I was a little boy, I always
listened to my mother and father. Cum pater
tuus advenerit, tu eris in aqua calida,
fili. When your father arrives (will have
arrived), you will be in hot water, son.
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Cum Subjunctive
The Three Cs 1. Circumstantial (when or
after) 2. Causal (because or since) 3.
Concessive (although)
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1. Circumstantial Cum
Stresses the circumstances/conditions
surrounding an event. Cum pater advenisset, puer
erat laetissimus. When (after) his father had
arrived, the boy was very happy.
When I was 16, I got my drivers
license. (temporal/indicative) When I was 16, I
walked eight miles to school through nine-foot
snowdrifts uphill both ways. (circumstantial/subj
unctive)
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2. Causal Cum
Stresses the reason/cause surrounding an
event. Cum puer bene laboraret, magister
laudavit eum. Since the boy was working well,
the teacher praised him.
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3. Concessive Cum
Stresses some concession/yielding surrounding an
event. Tamen is often present. Cum tu
diligenter audias, non tamen semper omnia
audis. Although you listen carefully, you do not
always hear everything.
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A Note on Style
When the subject of the cum clause is the same as
the main verb, that subject precedes the cum
clause. Caesar cum esset dux bonus, habuit
multos socios. Since Caesar was a good leader, he
had many allies.
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The Cumulative Score
cum ablative means with cum indicative
means when (temporal) cum subjunctive
means when (circumstantial) since
(causal) although (concessive)