INTEGRATED AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS

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INTEGRATED AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS

• BIO-SOLUTION FOR
• A SUSTAINABLE AQUACULTURE

Clémentine HARMA Sébastien LEFEBVRE
AQUAGRIS WORKSHOP 9th February 2008 Bremen,
GERMANY
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CONTEXT

• Aquaculture emerging industry in Europe

Perspectives Herbivory Saprophagy
Introduction
FISHSTAT (March 2007)
AQUAGRIS WORKSHOP (Bremen, GERMANY) - Saturday
9th February 2008
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CONTEXT

• European aquaculture
• Intensive
• Based on high-valued species
• Problem of FFA industries concentration of
  wastes
• Ecological footprint

Perspectives Herbivory Saprophagy
Introduction
? How to mitigate negative impacts of aquaculture
on environment ?
AQUAGRIS WORKSHOP (Bremen, GERMANY) - Saturday
9th February 2008
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SIMPLIFIED FOOD-WEB
HERBIVORY PATHWAY
Particulate organic matter
Perspectives Herbivory Saprophagy
Introduction
Dissolved nutrients
AQUAGRIS WORKSHOP (Bremen, GERMANY) - Saturday
9th February 2008
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SAPROPHAGOUS PATHWAY
Particulate organic matter
Perspectives Herbivory Saprophagy
Introduction
AQUAGRIS WORKSHOP (Bremen, GERMANY) - Saturday
9th February 2008
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CASE STUDY RECIRCULATING SYSTEMS
Perspectives Herbivory Saprophagy
Introduction
Arbiv Van Rijn, 1995
AQUAGRIS WORKSHOP (Bremen, GERMANY) - Saturday
9th February 2008
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CASE STUDY RECIRCULATING SYSTEMS
Perspectives Herbivory Saprophagy
Introduction
Twarowska et al., 1997
AQUAGRIS WORKSHOP (Bremen, GERMANY) - Saturday
9th February 2008
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HERBIVORY PATHWAY
Perspectives Herbivory Saprophagy
Introduction
AQUAGRIS WORKSHOP (Bremen, GERMANY) - Saturday
9th February 2008
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CASE STUDY INTEGRATED AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS
Perspectives Herbivory Saprophagy
Introduction
Nutrients
POM
Si
Light

• Time-dynamic culture
• High-management demands

GENESIS, 2001-2004
AQUAGRIS WORKSHOP (Bremen, GERMANY) - Saturday
9th February 2008
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CASE STUDY INTEGRATED AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS
Perspectives Herbivory Saprophagy
Introduction
SEAPURA, 2001-2004
AQUAGRIS WORKSHOP (Bremen, GERMANY) - Saturday
9th February 2008
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CASE STUDY INTEGRATED AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS
Feed
Perspectives Herbivory Saprophagy
Introduction

• Retention 63 of TAN

SeaOr Marine farm Shpigel et al., 1993 Neori et
al., 2000 2004
AQUAGRIS WORKSHOP (Bremen, GERMANY) - Saturday
9th February 2008
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NEW DEFINITION OF INTEGRATION

• Several organisms with different trophic pathways
  
• ? Mutual benefits achieved ecologically
• Conversion into biomass (? dilution)
• Production of each organisms optimized
• Aims of bio-diversification
• To reduce environmental impacts of aquaculture
  activity
• To increase the commercial value of the system

Perspectives Herbivory Saprophagy
Introduction

• Proper integration Water re-used
• ? Integrated recirculating aquaculture

AQUAGRIS WORKSHOP (Bremen, GERMANY) - Saturday
9th February 2008
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WETLANDS
HERBIVORY PATHWAY
SAPROPHAGOUS PATHWAY
Perspectives Herbivory Saprophagy
Introduction
AQUAGRIS WORKSHOP (Bremen, GERMANY) - Saturday
9th February 2008
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OVERALL NUTRIENT BALANCE
Herbivory conversion
Detrivorous conversion
40-70 feed N 10-55 feed P
5-25 feed N 25-45 feed P
Perspectives Herbivory Saprophagy
Introduction
Microalgae
Macroalgae
Bacteria
Worms
Oysters
Schneider et al., 2005
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UNSOLVED PROBLEMS
P III or P IV
Perspectives Herbivory Saprophagy
Introduction
Nutrients
POM
Bacteria
D
P II
Production
AQUAGRIS WORKSHOP (Bremen, GERMANY) - Saturday
9th February 2008
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INTEGRATED AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS

• BIO-SOLUTION FOR
• A SUSTAINABLE AQUACULTURE

Clémentine HARMA Sébastien LEFEBVRE
AQUAGRIS WORKSHOP 9th February 2008 Bremen,
GERMANY
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NITRIFICATION / DENITRIFICATION

• Nitrification

Perspectives Herbivory Saprophagy
Introduction

• Denitrification (Anaerobic processes)

AQUAGRIS WORKSHOP (Bremen, GERMANY) - Saturday
9th February 2008
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Dissolved nutrients
Particulate matter
Collection and concentration of suspended
particles (mostly OM)
Nitrification
Denitrification
Heterotrophy
Cyanobacteria
Plants
Protists
Microbial loop
Microalgae
Macroalgae
Scavengers, Microfauna
Bacteria
Wetlands
Recirculating systems
Integrated aquaculture systems
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INTEGRATED AQUACULTURE SYSTEMS

• A BIO-SOLUTION FOR
• A SUSTAINABLE AQUACULTURE

AQUAGRIS WORKSHOP 9th February 2008 Bremen,
GERMANY
Clémentine HARMA Sébastien LEFEBVRE