Drugs - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Drugs

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Humans have used drugs of one sort or another for thousands of years ... Drugs that act on the central nervous system and slow down brain activity. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Drugs


1
Drugs
  • Intermediate 1 Biology
  • Unit 1 Health and Technology

2
Introduction
  • Humans have used drugs of one sort or another for
    thousands of years
  • -wine was used at least from the time of the
    early Egyptians
  • -narcotics from 4000 BC
  • -medicinal use of marijuana has been dated to
    2737BC in China

3
Types of Drugs-Stimulants
  • Drugs that act on the central nervous
  • system and increase brain activity.
  • Some give feelings of alertness, greater
  • energy and confidence.
  • They may also reduce appetite

4
Examples of Stimulants
  • Cocaine
  • Crack
  • Ecstasy
  • Alkyl Nitrites e.g. poppers
  • Amphetamines
  • Nicotine

5
Types of Drugs-Depressants
  • Drugs that act on the central nervous system and
    slow down brain activity.
  • Impaired co-ordination, balance and judgement are
    common.
  • Higher doses can lead progressively to
    drowsiness, vomiting, coma and even death.

6
Examples of Depressants
  • Volatile substances or sniffable substances (eg
    glues, gases, aerosols)
  • Alcohol
  • Tranquillisers
  • GHB (Gamma hydroxy-butyrate)

7
Types of Drugs-Hallucinogens
  • Drugs that act to change the way users experience
    the world through the five senses.
  • Sometimes this involves seeing, and hearing
    things which aren't there.

8
Examples of Hallucinogens
  • Cannabis
  • LSD
  • Magic mushrooms
  • Ketamine

9
Types of Drugs - Analgesics
  • Drugs that have a painkilling effect.
  • e.g. -heroin
  • -opium
  • -morphine

10
Types of Drugs Anabolic Steroids
  • Drugs that promote muscle growth and increase
    lean body mass.
  • These drugs mostly have legitimate medical uses
  • They are often misused by those wishing to
    enhance their athletic performance or strength.

11
Statistics
  • The following statistics are from the results of
    a major national survey of secondary
    schoolchildren aged 11-15 published by the
    Department of Health (DH) in 2002.

12
  • 12 of pupils had used illegal drugs in the last
    month and 20 had used illegal drugs in the last
    year
  • 13 of boys reported taking drugs in the last
    month compared to 11 of girls
  • Use increased with age. Six percent of
    11-year-olds had used drugs in the last year
    compared to 39 of 15-year-olds

13
  • Cannabis is the most likely drug to have been
    used, with 13 of pupils reporting use in the
    last year.
  • Cannabis use also increases sharply with age with
    1 of 11-year-olds having used the drug in past
    year compared with 31 of 15-year-olds
  • Class A drugs had been used by 4 of 11-15 year
    olds. One percent say they used heroin or cocaine

14
Risks of Using Drugs
  • Risks vary according to
  • -circumstances of the use
  • -the motivation and knowledge level of the user
  • -their mood and expectation at the time of use
  • -the manner of use
  • -size of dose
  • -purity of the sample

15
Risks Factors Involved in Drug Taking
  • Users can never be sure of exactly what they are
    taking
  • Not knowing the strength of what has been bought
    could lead to an accidental overdose (which may
    be life-threatening)
  • Users can't be precisely sure of the effect the
    drug will have, even if they have taken it
    before.

16
  • Sharing dirty needles or syringes carries a risk
    of serious infections
  • Mixing drugs, or drugs with alcohol
  • Getting a criminal record.
  • Effects on relationships, financial pressures,
    reducing judgement or performance etc.

17
Class A Drugs
  • Amphetamines (speed) - if prepared for injection
  • Cocaine and crack
  • Ecstasy
  • Heroin
  • LSD (acid)
  • Magic mushrooms - if prepared for use.

18
Possession of Class A Drugs
  • Possession
  • -seven years prison and/or a fine
  • Possession with intent to supply
  • -life imprisonment and/or a fine

19
Class B Drugs
  • Amphetamines (speed)
  • Possession
  • -five years prison and/or a fine
  • Possession with intent to supply
  • -14 years prison and/or a fine

20
Class C Drugs
  • Anabolic steroids
  • Cannabis
  • Mild amphetamines
  • GBH
  • Tranquillisers DF 118 (painkillers)

21
Possession of Class C Drugs
  • Possession
  • -two years prison and/or a fine
  • Possession with intent to supply
  • -14 years prison and/or a fine

22
Useful Websites
  • http//www.mindbodysoul.gov.uk/drugs/drugmenu.html
  • http//www.sorted4.info/html/400/430.html
  • http//www.stonerlemmings.com
  • http//www.lifebytes.gov.uk/drugs/drugs_facts.html

23
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