Standard Training Procedures

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Standard Training Procedures
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BO 105 EC 135 BK
117 / EC 145
Slope landings !
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D i s c l a i m e r
The information given in this presentation
represents my personal view and deals with
general airmanship ! I will not take
responsibility in case of training
accidents. Allways the current Flight Manual of
the helicopter used for training has to be
regarded as the correct source of information.
The autor
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Standard Procedures
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Slope landings
Helicopters with rigid rotor systems are landed
differently than articulated rotors!
For pilots which have never ever flown a rigid
rotor before, it is a new experiance !
Why ?
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Standard Procedures
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Slope landings
Articulated rotors
use their bearings for inclination !
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Slope landings
Both of the systems have a mechanical stop for
the rotors and during slope landing the
pilot moves the cyclic stick upslope until the
stop is reached - or until the helicopter is on
the ground !
Teetering rotors
swivel the complete rotor head !
Articulated rotors
use their bearings for inclination !
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Standard Procedures
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Slope landings
The rigid rotor has no mechanical stop for the
rotor ! During slope landings, the rotor mast is
bended (Mast moment bending moments) and the
pilot uses the MM-indicator to control the rotor
mast bending !
Rigid (bearingless) rotors - incline the rotor
mast !
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Standard Procedures
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Slope landings
So, how to land it ?
If your helicopter is equipped with an
autopilot - switch it off - to avoid disturbances
!
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Slope landings
1. Bring the upslope skid completely to the
GND (by feeling, cause you cant see it.)
2. Trim the cyclic stick to the upslope direction
What will happen ?
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Slope landings
The helicopter will tilt towards the slope !
How to avoid it ?
Lower the collective ! But you must always
readjust the pedals during collective movements !
What will happen ?
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Slope landings
The rotor mast will bend ! - And the mast
moment will increase !
3. Continue this trimming procedure until the MM
has reached the upper end of the green arc
4. When reaching, lower only the collective and
hold direction with pedals !
Do not continue to move the cyclic stick High
MM !
What will happen ?
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Slope landings
5. When on the GND, trim cyclic stick downslope
to lower the mast moment.
The heli will settle down !
(Only with collective and pedal movements !)
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Slope landings
Thats it !
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Slope landings
A quick review !
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Standard Procedures
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Slope landings
1. Bring the upslope skid completely to the GND
2. Trim the cyclic stick to the upslope
direction, at the same time lower the collective
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Standard Procedures
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Slope landings
1. Bring the upslope skid completely to the GND
2. Trim the cyclic stick to the upslope
direction, at the same time lower the collective
3. Continue this trimming procedure until the MM
has reached the upper end of the green arc
4. When reaching, lower only the collective and
- hold direction with pedals !
The rotor mast will bend !
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Standard Procedures
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Slope landings
1. Bring the upslope skid completely to the GND
2. Trim the cyclic stick to the upslope
direction, at the same time lower the collective
3. Continue this trimming procedure until the MM
has reached the upper end of the green arc
4. When reaching, lower only the collective and
- hold direction with pedals !
5. When on the GND, trim cyclic stick downslope
to lower the mast moment.
The heli will settle down !
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Standard Procedures
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Slope landings
1. Bring the upslope skid completely to the GND
2. Trim the cyclic stick to the upslope
direction, at the same time lower the collective
3. Continue this trimming procedure until the MM
has reached the upper end of the green arc
4. When reaching, lower only the collective and
- hold direction with pedals !
5. When on the GND, trim cyclic stick downslope
to lower the mast moment.
Thats it !
For take off - just revers the procedure !
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Standard Procedures
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Slope landings
1. Pull slowly on the collective until the heli
is light on skids
2. Trim the cyclic stick to the upslope direction
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Standard Procedures
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Slope landings
1. Pull slowly on the collective until the heli
is light on skids
2. Trim the cyclic stick to the upslope direction
3. Continue this trimming until the MM has
reached the upper end of the green arc
4. When reaching, lift only the collective and -
hold direction with pedals !
The rotor mast will bend !
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Standard Procedures
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Slope landings
1. Pull slowly on the collective until the heli
is light on skids
2. Trim the cyclic stick to the upslope direction
3. Continue this trimming until the MM has
reached the upper end of the green arc
4. When reaching, lift only the collective and -
hold direction with pedals !
5. With movement of the heli, trim cyclic stick
downslope to lower the mast moment.
The heli will lift the skid !
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Standard Procedures
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Slope landings
1. Pull slowly on the collective until the heli
is light on skids
2. Trim the cyclic stick to the upslope direction
3. Continue this trimming until the MM has
reached the upper end of the green arc
4. When reaching, lift only the collective and -
hold direction with pedals !
5. With movement of the heli, trim cyclic stick
downslope to lower the mast moment.
6. Continue pulling on collective until the heli
lifts off from the GND
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Slope landings
Do you remember your slope landing limits ??
Thats it ?
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Slope landings
To the front ?
To the right ?
To the left ?
To the rear ?
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Standard Procedures
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Slope landings
Landings sloping down to the left are easier !
Why ?
Due to the aerodynamical influance of the main
rotor turning direction and the design of the
tail rotor, ECD helicopters are hanging a little
down to the left !
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Standard Procedures
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Slope landings
Landings sloping down to the left are easier !
Why ?
Due to the aerodynamical influance of the main
rotor turning direction and the design of the
tail rotor, ECD helicopters are hanging a little
down to the left !
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Standard Training Procedures
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Many happy landings and enjoy your training !