Conflict of Perceptual Complexity

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Conflict of Perceptual Complexity

• Dr John H.S. Craig

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the research

• all the managers in 13 large factories
• 7 in China
• 5 in Poland
• 1 in Lithuania

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the data

• 20 item Likert questionnaire
• expert benchmarking for each question
• formal interviews with 13 top managers
• informal interviews with other managers

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a selection of the variables
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socio-cultural groups core or fringe membership

• ideational coherent groups
• informal coherent groups
• informal differentiated groups
• fragmented groups
• fringes and token memberships

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human characteristics

• perceptions
• interpretations
• beliefs
• values
• imaginary realities
• conformity or conflict
• contingent actions

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decision variables

• locational realities
• temporal realities
• meaningful communication
• incoherent communication
• motivation
• fear and revolt
• self-interest

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inter-relational decision map
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fringe dynamics

• individualistic mores
• token core-group memberships
• antithetic drivers
• different beliefs and values
• different or aberrant realities
• subjective cognitive models

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changing situations

• China rapid expansion, de-skilling
• Poland rapid retrenchment, redundancy
• market threats and opportunities
• behaviour changes
• value changes
• language changes
• learned meanings interpretations

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linguistic variables

• social class
• education
• social peer groups
• factory peer groups
• management peer groups
• interface communication
• irrationalities

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conflicts and contexts

• profit v. commons (resources)
• production v. environment (output)
• resources v. waste (material)
• design v. sustainability (process)
• space v. commands (management)
• dominant ideologies (culture)

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societal drivers for conflict

• international
• national
• global market
• society
• community
• family
• factory
• socio-cultural groupings

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mediation of decisions

• China fear of job loss
• Poland fear and punishment culture
• job boundary restriction
• decision risk
• space
• understanding

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contexts of dominance

• leadership style
• personal relationships
• language
• symbols
• meaning

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contexts of language

• imagined-reality based meanings
• societal based meanings
• situation based vagueness
• deliberate or hapless ambiguity
• situation
• cross-cultural misunderstanding
• cognition barriers

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summing up

• there are many variables
• there is very little commonality of perceptions
• less commonality ambiguity of decisions
• fragmented realities multiple complexities
• imaginary realities little predictability
• little predictability unbounded complexity
• unbounded complexity likely conflict

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thank you for listening

• QUESTIONS!