Applying Educational and Instructional Principles in Crew Training

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Applying Educational and Instructional Principles
in Crew Training
Capt Torbjörn Wischer Head of Training Oxford
Aviation Academy
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All airlines want !

• Low cost training
• Short training time
• High quality training

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Key elements in crew training
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Instructor abilities

• What?
• Be able to perform a briefing
• Be able to follow a training syllabus
  
• Be able to handle the FFS IOS
• Be able to assess

HOW???
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TRI Teaching and Learning with reference to
JAR-FCL 1.365

• Motivation?
• Obstacles to learning?
• Incentives to learning?
• Learning methods?
• Rates of learning?
• Elements of effective teaching?
• Teaching methods?
• Assess students performance?

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MPL Instructor competences with reference to
JAR-FCL 1.310

• Set goals and standards
• Create a climate conductive to learning
• Facilitate learning
• Assess students performance
• Monitor and review progress
• Evaluate training sessions
• Report outcome

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What does science say?

• Burges
• Gibbs Habeshaw
• Honey Mumford
• Knowles
• Kolb
• Larsson
• Lave Wenger
• MacKeracher
• Marton
• Rogers
• Stelter
• Among others

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Which instructor do you prefer?
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Instructor challenges - Build on students prior
experiences
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Instructor challenges - Receive students as
individuals
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Instructor challenges - Be solution centred
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Instructor challenges - Be open and social
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Instructor challenges - Challenge the students
to do their best
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The instructor must be a pedagogical decision
maker
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Instructor Profile
What? Be able to perform a briefing Be able to
follow a training syllabus Be able to handle the
FFS IOS Be able to assess Be able to perform a
debriefing
How? Build on previous experiences Receive
students as individuals Be solution centred Be
open and social Challenge the students to do
their best
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Getting the instructor you want ?
Whats the balance
Instructor training
Instructor recruitment
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Getting the Instructor you want
Instructor selection process according to a pre
defined instructor profile

Instructor training including JAR-FCL and
company requirements
Instructors performance follow-up
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Training Program

• What?
• Training program development / design
• LOSA
• Flight- and training data
• JAR- requirements

HOW???
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Training program development from an educational
point of view

• Realism
• Training flow
• Flexibility
• Structured training
• Learning for proficiency

Learning effective??
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Realism?
Learning effective??
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Find the optimal grade of realism
Realism
Learning effective??
???
Learning
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Realism in flow
Realism
Malfunctions
Take off
Landing
Learning
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Students learn in their own pace
Performance
Time
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Structured Learning ?
Learning effective??
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Structured Training
Performance

• Familiarization

• Normal
• operations

• Malfunctions

• Simulated
• Line flying

Time
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Learning for proficiency or test ?
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How do we know that training objectives are
achieved ?

• Assessment
• Grading
• Measurable standards
• Measurable training objectives

Learning effective??
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Progress Curve
Performance
Progress curve for every manoeuvre is defined
by grade requirements
GOOD
Fair
Marginal
Time
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Progress Check
Performance
First progress check
Third progress check
Second progress check
Time
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• Give sufficient weight and consideration to
  accepted and proven instructional principles.
• Place more emphasis on Training the Trainers and
  program design.
• Measure outcomes of crew training.

To achieve cost effective and high quality
training we must
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Oxford Aviation Academy Training Philosophy
We believe that the central part in all
successful training is - efficient two-way
communication between trainees and
instructors. - support and encouragement to
trainees - a trainee and solution centered
approach.
Learning effective??


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Thank you