Personality U400

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Personality U400

• Psychopathology, Therapy, Mental Health

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Psychopathology

• Severe Incongruence Between Self and Experience
• Frequent Experiences of Incongruence
• Defensive Processes Become Inoperable
• Incongruent Experiences Reach Consciousness
• Self is Shattered, Behavior Becomes Irrational
• Psychotic Break

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Therapy

• Therapist Must be Congruent
• Therapist Provides Unconditional Positive Regard
• Empathic Understanding
• Purpose Eliminate Clients Incongruence

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Perspectives on Mental Health

• Absence of Mental Disease
• Normal
• Happy
• Marie Jahoda
• Self-concept
• Movement toward self-actualization
• Coherent personality
• Accurate perception of reality
• Autonomy
• Environmental mastery

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Mental Health According to Taylor and Brown

• Unrealistically positive self-evaluations
• Exaggerated perceptions of control
• Unrealistic optimism

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Jonathan Brown Study

• Participants take Texas Social Behavior Inventory
• Divided into Low, Medium, High Self-Esteem
• Rate self on 10 positive trait terms
• Rate most other people on same 10 positive
  trait terms
• Results

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Colvin, Block Funder (Study 1)

• Subjects rate themselves on CAQ when age 18
• Clinical examiners rate personality at age 18
• Determine favorability of subject and examiner
  ratings
• Self-enhancementself-favorability
  examiner-favorability
• New clinical examiners rate personality at age 23
• Correlate self-enhancement with personality at
  age 23

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Colvin, Block Funder (Study 2)

• Participants rate self on CAQ
• 2 friends rate them on CAQ
• Determine favorability of self and friend ratings
• Self-enhancementSelf-favorability
  friend-favorability
• Videotape participants with opposite sex partner
• Train coders rate videotaped behavior
• Correlate self-enhancement with behavior

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