present

1
present
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The present tense 1
The present tense is used to talk about what is
happening now or, in general terms, what happens
every day. Examples Juego al tenis I play
tennis Estoy en 1º de BUP I am in Year
10 Tengo un hermano I have got one brother Me
cepillo los dientes I brush my teeth The first
example can be translated not just as I play
tennis, but also as I am playing tennis and I
do play tennis. In English we have different
forms of the present tense just as we do in
Spanish!
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The present tense 2
The present tense of regular verbs is formed in
the following way
1. Verbs whose infinitive ends in ar
Take the -ar from the end of the infinitive
Add the following endings -o
for I -as
for you -a
for he, she and it -amos
for we -áis
for you -an
for they
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The present tense 3
hablar - to speak
habl
o
I speak, I am speaking
habl
as
You speak, you are speaking
habl
a
He / she speaks, he / she is speaking
habl
amos
We speak, we are speaking
habl
áis
You speak, you are speaking
habl
an
They speak, they are speaking
5
The present tense 4
The following verbs are all regular verbs like
HABLAR
This means that you can write them or say them in
the same way as you did with HABLAR. The only
difference will appear in the beginning ( stem)
of the verb.
Here are some more common -ar verbs. Choose two
and write them out in full, with the meaning in
English.
aceptar to accept cantar to sing llorar
to cry amar to love charlar to chat
mirar to look at arreglar to fix
dibujar to draw pagar to pay ayudar to
help entrar to go in pescar to
fish bajar to go down ganar to win saltar
to jump bailar to dance lavar to
wash tocar to touch buscar to look for
llenar to fill viajar to travel
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The present tense 5
2. Verbs whose infinitive ends in er
Take the -er from the end of the infinitive
Add the following endings -o for I -es
for you -e for he, she
and it -emos for we -éis
for you -en for
they
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The present tense 6
comer - to eat
com
o
I eat, I am eating
com
es
You eat, you are eating
com
e
He / she eats, he / she is eating
com
emos
We eat, we are eating
com
éis
You eat, you are eating
com
en
They eat, they are eating
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The present tense 7
3. Verbs whose infinitive ends in ir
Take the -ir from the end of the infinitive
Add the following endings -o for
I -es for you -e for
he ,she, and it -imos for
we -ís for you -en
for they
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The present tense 8
abrir - to open
abr
I open, I am opening
o
You open, you are opening
abr
es
abr
e
He / she opens, he / she is opening
abr
imos
We open, we are opening
abr
ís
You open, you are opening
abr
en
They open, they are opening
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The present tense 9
The following verbs are all regular verbs like
COMER or ABRIR. This means that you can write
them or say them in the same way as you did with
COMER or ABRIR. The only difference will appear
in the beginning ( stem) of the verb.
Choose one -er verb and one -ir verb and write
each out in full with the meaning in English!
Like COMER beber to drink leer to
read correr to run meter to put coser
to sew vender to sell deber to owe ver
to see
Like ABRIR cubrir to cover escribir to
write permitir to allow recibir to receive
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The present tense 10
Practise putting the correct endings on the
following verbs 1 (escuchar) yo
escuch___ 2 (hablar) tu habl___ 3 (beber)
ella beb___ 4 (vivir) él viv___ 5 (charlar) noso
tros charl___ 6 (comer) vosotros
com___ 7 (vender) ellas vend___ 8 (llevar) ellos
llev___ 9 (escribir) yo escrib___ 10 (correr)
tú corr___ 11 (pasar) él
pas___ 12 (meter) ella
met___ 13 (dibujar) nosotras dibuj___ 14 (subir)
vosotras sub___ 15 (llamar) ellos
llam___
Subject words yo I tú you él he ella
she nosotros/as we vosotros/as you ellos
they ellas they
o
as
e
e
amos
éis
en
an
o
es
a
e
amos
ís
an
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Spelling change verbs
The present tense 11
Some verbs follow a slightly different pattern.
We will call these spelling change verbs. They
have regular endings like -AR, -ER and -IR
verbs, but certain letters change as you go
through the verb forming a consistent pattern.
There are three types of spelling changes which
occur
-e gt -ie
-o gt - ue
-e gt -i
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The present tense 12
Spelling change verbs
encontrar to find
-o gt - ue
1. Identify the group to which the verb belongs
-ar
2. Write out verb as if it were regular.
3. Identify the vowel to change It is ALWAYS the
vowel just before the infinitive ending.
encontrar o changes to ue
encuentro encuentras encuentra encontramos encontr
áis encuentran
4. Change the o to ue on parts 1 2 3 6
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The present tense 13
Spelling change verbs
poder to be able
-o gt - ue
1. Identify the group to which the verb belongs
-er
2. Write out verb as if it were regular.
3. Identify the vowel to change It is ALWAYS the
vowel just before the infinitive ending.
poder o changes to ue
puedo puedes puede podemos podéis pueden
4. Change the o to ue on parts 1 2 3 6
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The present tense 14
Spelling change verbs
dormir to sleep
-o gt - ue
1. Identify the group to which the verb belongs
-ir
1. Identify the group to which the verb belongs
- IR
2. Write out verb as if it were regular.
3. Identify the vowel to change It is ALWAYS the
vowel just before the infinitive ending.
dormir o changes to ue
duermo duermes duerme dormimos dormís duermen
4. Change the o to ue on parts 1 2 3 6
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The present tense 15
Spelling change verbs
pensar to think
-e gt -ie
1. Identify the group to which the verb belongs
-ar
2. Write out verb as if it were regular.
3. Identify the vowel to change It is ALWAYS the
vowel just before the infinitive ending.
pensar -e changes to ie
pienso piensas piensa pensamos pensáis piensan
4. Change the e to ie on parts 1 2 3 6
Querer and preferir are two more -e gt -ie verbs.
Can you write each out in full, using the four
steps?
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The present tense 16
Spelling change verbs
pedir to ask for
-e gt -i
1. Identify the group to which the verb belongs
-ir
2. Write out verb as if it were regular.
3. Identify the vowel to change It is ALWAYS the
vowel just before the infinitive ending.
pedir -e changes to i
pido pides pide pedimos pedís piden
4. Change the e to i on parts 1 2 3 6
Note! This change only occurs with IR verbs
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The present tense 17
Unfortunately not all verbs follow these
patterns. Some common verbs are irregular and
must be learnt by heart!
tener - to have
tengo
I have, I am having
tienes
You have, you are having
tiene
He / she / it has, he / she / it is having
tenemos
We have, we are having
tenéis
You have, you are having
tienen
They have, they are having
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The present tense 18
ir - to go
voy
I go, I am going
vas
You go, you are going
va
He / she / it goes, he / she / it is going
vamos
We go, we are going
You go, you are going
vais
van
They go, they are going
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The present tense 19
Some irregular verbs just have a different 1st
part or person and then the rest of the verb acts
as if it were regular
Note! Poner would be regular like comer except
for the extra letter in the 1st part
poner to put
pongo
I put, I am putting
pones
You put, you are putting
pone
He / she / it puts, he / she / it is putting
ponemos
We put, we are putting
ponéis
You put, you are putting
ponen
They put, they are putting
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