Free radicals and thermal watercontrolled pilot study

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Free radicals and thermal water-controlled pilot
study

• T Bender,G Nagy,J Bariska,R Vághy,R Gomez,I Kovács

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• Free radicals play an important role in a number
  of biological processes, some of which are
  necessary for life, such as the intracellular
  killing of bacteria by neutrophil granulocytes.
• Free radicals have also been implicated in
  certain cell signaling processes. The two most
  important oxygen-centered free radicals are
  superoxide and hydroxyl radical.
• They are derived from molecular oxygen under
  reducing conditions. However, because of their
  reactivity, these same free radicals can
  participate in unwanted side reactions resulting
  in cell damage.

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• Many forms of cancer are thought to be the result
  of reactions between free radicals and DNA,
  resulting in mutations that can adversely affect
  the cell cycle and potentially lead to
  malignancy.

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• Because free radicals are necessary for life, the
  body has a number of mechanisms to minimize free
  radical induced damage and to repair damage which
  does occur, such as the enzymes superoxide
  dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and
  glutathione reductase.

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• Antioxidant means "against oxidation."
  Antioxidants work to protect lipids from
  peroxidation by radicals. Antioxidants are
  effective because they are willing to give up
  their own electrons to free radicals. When a free
  radical gains the electron from an antioxidant it
  no longer needs to attack the cell and the chain
  reaction of oxidation is broken
• After donating an electron an antioxidant becomes
  a free radical by definition. Antioxidants in
  this state are not harmful because they have the
  ability to accommodate the change in electrons
  without becoming reactive.

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• The human body has an elaborate antioxidant
  defense system. Antioxidants are manufactured
  within the body and can also be extracted from
  the food humans eat such as fruits, vegetables,
  seeds, nuts, meats, and oil. There are two lines
  of antioxidant defense within the cell.

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• The Aim of our study
• Does the free radicals change before and after
  Balneotherapy?
• Is there any change in case of using tap water?

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• Cserkeszölo(3658mg)
• Kation(Natrium-Kalium 1100mg,Ca
  18,6mg(altogether1145mg)
• AnionCl 985,Br 12,5 Jodide 1,2
• HCO1342,altogether (2344mg)
• Mórahalom
• KationNatrium 520,altogether532
• Fluorid 1,3, HCO3 1300mg
• Altogether(1949mg)

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• Method
• PatientsN30(10 in each group)
• Dg Spondylosis lumbalis
• They got no NSAID and steroids,no other disease
• Duration of the bath 30 minutes T34 C
• Blood samples were taken before the first bath,
  after the first bath and at end of 10 baths
• Examination MDA protein, a Glutathion
  peroxidase, Catalase,and Superoxid dismutase
  level
• Method HCLP

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Results after the 10. treatments
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• Explanation
• There is difference between tap water
• and mineral water concerning on the free radicals
• The two changes during tap water maybe due to the
  thermal effect

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Literatures

• Twenty-eight patients (19 female, 9 male) primary
  osteoarthritis
• Bursa Military Hospital (Spa group) Spa group
  patients had 10 15 minute head out immersion in
  39-41 C thermomineral water, physical therapy and
  regular exercise for 15 days
• Control patients home exercise and simple
  analgesics
• Prof Negris Erdogan the effect of spa therapy on
  plsama MDA and TAA system(II Hungarian- Turkish
  Baln. meeting)

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• Plasma malondialdehit (MDA) and total antioxidant
  capacity (TAA) were compared. Seven patients (5
  male, 2 female) Istanbul Medical Faculty Medical
  Ecology Hydroclimatology department ambulatory
  policlinic (Control group)
• Oxidant effect of hyperthermic baths and
  antioxidant consumption in defence to oxidative
  stress.Disappearance of inverse proportion
  between disease duration and MDA level
• Balneotherapy more effective in early period of
  disease in decreasing oxidative stress?! Spa
  therapy decreases oxidant stress ?!Increases TAA
  levels in male and Decreases in females
  (menopause-estrogens deficiency?)
• )Decrease in oxidant stress is more
  prominent.Increase of antioxidant defence is less
  manifest
• Prof Negris Erdogan the effect of spa therapy on
  plsama MDA and TAA system(II Hungarian- Turkish
  Baln. meeting)

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• They enrolled 37 subjects and randomly assigned
  them to two groups 19 patients underwent mud
  bath treatment (group A) while 18 patients
  underwent bath treatment alone. Blood samples
  were obtained before and after the treatment
  cycles to assay serum levels of NO,
  myeloperoxidase (MPO) and glutathione
  (GSH)-peroxidase.
• Bellometti S, Poletto M, Gregotti C, Richelmi P,
  Berte F.Int J Clin Pharmacol Res.
  200020(3-4)69-80.

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• The results showed a statistically significant
  decrease in NO and myeloperoxidase serum values
  in groups A and B, while GSH-peroxidase was not
  significantly increase in either of the groups
  no correlation was found between NO,
  myeloperoxidase and GSH-peroxidase serum values.
  Mud bath treatment can exert beneficial effects
  on cartilage homeostasis and inflammatory
  reactions, influencing NO and decreasing
  myeloperoxidase serum values.
• Bellometti S, Poletto M, Gregotti C, Richelmi P,
  Berte F.Int J Clin Pharmacol Res.
  200020(3-4)69-8
• .

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• The increase in GSH-peroxidase was not correlated
  with the reduction of other biochemical markers,
  suggesting that mud bath treatment has different
  mechanisms of action.Mud bath therapy influences
  nitric oxide, myeloperoxidase and glutathione
  peroxidase serum levels in arthritic
  patients.Bellometti S, Poletto M, Gregotti C,
  Richelmi P, Berte F.Int J Clin Pharmacol Res.
  200020(3-4)69-80.

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• This study therefore sought to investigate the
  effect of 3-week therapy with sulfur baths on
  antioxidative defense systems, peroxide
  concentrations, and lipid levels in patients with
  degenerative osteoarthritis A 17.2 decline in
  peroxide concentrations (p 0.10, n.s.) and
  significant lower SOD activities (p lt 0.001) were
  detected in the sulfur group at the end of the
  therapy.
• Ekmekcioglu C, Strauss-Blasche G, Holzer F,
  Marktl W. Effect of sulfur baths on antioxidative
  defense systems, peroxide concentrations and
  lipid levels in patients with degenerative
  osteoarthritis Forsch Komplementarmed Klass
  Naturheilkd. 2002 Aug9(4)216-20.

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• Until the end of therapy total cholesterol levels
  changed differentially (p 0.007) in the sulfur
  group (from 229.11 /- 34.47 mg/dl to 217.46 /-
  40.45 mg/dl) and in the control group (from
  197.63 /- 34.66 mg/dl to 207.95 /- 33.02
  mg/dl).
• Ekmekcioglu C, Strauss-Blasche G, Holzer F,
  Marktl W. Effect of sulfur baths on antioxidative
  defense systems, peroxide concentrations and
  lipid levels in patients with degenerative
  osteoarthritis Forsch Komplementarmed Klass
  Naturheilkd. 2002 Aug9(4)216-20.

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• A similar significant group difference was found
  for LDL (p 0.017), with a 5.9 reduction in the
  sulfur group and a 6.1 increase in the control
  group. CONCLUSIONS The results presented here
  suggest that a sulfur bath therapy could cause a
  reduction in oxidative stress, alterations of SOD
  activities, and a tendency towards improvement of
  lipid levels..
• Ekmekcioglu C, Strauss-Blasche G, Holzer F,
  Marktl W. Effect of sulfur baths on antioxidative
  defense systems, peroxide concentrations and
  lipid levels in patients with degenerative
  osteoarthritis Forsch Komplementarmed Klass
  Naturheilkd. 2002 Aug9(4)216-20.

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• Conclusion
• The measurement of free radicals gives valuable
  informations about the possible mechanism of
  balneotherapy and furthers studies need to
  clarify this topic