ENERGY MANAGEMENT AT VODAFONE UK

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• ENERGY MANAGEMENT AT VODAFONE UK

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VODAFONE UK - HISTORY

• On 1 January 1985 we made the UKs first mobile
  call. It marked the launch of the mobile industry
  and transformed global communications.
• Today Vodafone is the worlds leading
  international mobile telecommunications group
  with equity interests in 27 countries across 5
  continents, 186.8 million proportionate customers
  and 33 partner networks.
• We have rapidly grown over the past 22 years. We
  now have a UK property portfolio consisting of
  the following numbers of sites in the UK
• A network of 12,000 Radio Base Stations (RBS).
• 40 Mobile Telephone Exchanges (MTX) sites
• 5 Data Centres
• 50 Offices Call Centres
• 350 Retail Stores

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VODAFONE UK ENERGY USAGE

• Vodafone UK uses 438 gigawatt Hours (438,643,534
  kWh) of energy pa
• The majority of this is electricity (95).
• 83 of this is used in our Network i.e. Radio
  Base Stations (RBS) aka Cell Sites, Mobile
  Telephone Exchanges (MTX) and Data Centres.
• The other 17 is used in our Offices, Call
  Centres and Retail Stores.
• Vodafone UK has an energy reduction target of
  12.5 between 2005/2006 2008/2009.
• During 2006/2007 we reduced our energy
  consumption by 3.

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VODAFONE UK ENERGY CONSUMPTION 2005/2006

• Internal Target to reduce 2005/2006 consumption
  by 12.5 by end 2008/2009.
• Network Energy is gt83 of total consumption.
• Therefore large focus on energy reduction in
  Network !

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VODAFONE UK ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION BY SOURCE

• The electricity consumption at Vodafone is split
  approx
• 36 across 80 Half-hourly (HH) metered sites
• 64 across 8,000 Non Half-Hourly metered (NHH)
  sites plus 4,000 landlord supplied RBS Sites
• For the NHH sites, 98 of the billing is
  estimated pa.
• This is because the RBS sites are unmanned and
  are generally in remote/difficult locations
• The sites are also securely locked up thus meter
  readers cannot gain access without VF keys even
  if they went to the sites !
• The fact that greater than 60 of billing is
  estimated
• Significantly impacts the ability to meet energy
  consumption/carbon emissions reduction targets.
  Some previous projects did not consider that the
  bills are estimated and therefore projected
  consumption cost savings were not seen.
• Means that the billing costs are inaccurate with
  the potential for large overpayments and
  therefore budget inaccuracies. The projected
  costs for RBS sites 16 million pa
• The forthcoming CRC (Carbon Reduction Commitment)
  in 2010, is likely to include the NHH sites and
  the estimated billing will be a significant
  disadvantage to Vodafone.
• Therefore there is a need to address this issue

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VODAFONE ELECTRICITY AMR METERING BUSINESS CASE -
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• Why AMR ?
• Problem 98 of RBS bills are estimated.
• Many RBS sites have never been read. Many sites
  have very large bills that bear little
  resemblance to reality !
• There are 12,000 RBS sites representing 64 of
  Vodafone electricity consumption.
• Energy saving projects need to target this area
  i.e. RBS cooling improvements equipment
  efficiency changes thus there is a to need to
  measure savings accurately !
• Potential duplicate 3rd party meters billed on
  some sites i.e. we are paying other companies
  bills e.g. O2, T-Mobile, Orange etc
• At least 500 at last count costing 840k pa.
• High cost of providing access for statutory meter
  reads inspection. At least 50 per visit.
• An AMR (Automated Meter Reading) trial has been
  underway since December 2005
• Initially 100 sites were installed
• AMR is the standard for all new site connections
• During spring/summer 2007 - we have installed
  another 700 sites.
• Business case is being developed for funding to
  cover an extension of AMR potentially across
  all NHH mpan sites.
• Landlord supplied sites (may be covered by a
  further project) benefits are less clear on
  some of these i.e. these may not be in the CRC

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VODAFONE ELECTRICITY AMR METERING BUSINESS CASE -
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• Approx Costs (Actual Costs Not Used For
  Contractual Reasons)
• 120-140 pa per meter on 5 year rental agreement
  including installation data provision on web
  page day plus one.
• Average RBS site bill 1,700 pa
• Benefits
• Actual billing v estimate 5-10 projected kWh
  saving circa 100 to 200 per site pa.
• Initial Trial sites achieved exceptional savings
  80 but not likely to be typical savings. 10
  seems achievable across the portfolio.
• Potential future Tariff saving. Subject to Ofgem
  regulation changes i.e. new profile class for
  AMR. Could be up to 5 i.e. another 100 per site
  pa.
• Manual reading costs up to 50 per site pa.
• Availability of 24/7 ½ hourly energy profile
  data.
• This is Key to achieving energy/CO2 saving
  targets.
• Alarm options to RMC (Control Room ) GS Hall
  (Maintenance Contractor)
• Improved SLA timescales for RBS rollout as a
  result of single meter operator instead of 16.
• Potential payback in less than a year
• Additional one-off cost benefits from site visits
  leading to recovery of duplicate or non existent
  mpans. E.g. up to 840k pa
• Potential future CRC benefits from AMR. Without
  AMR we will not be able to make savings under the
  CRC.

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ELECTRICITY AMR HALF-HOURLY DATA
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AGGREGATED ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION PROFILE FOR 22
RBS SITES WITH AMR METERING
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GAS AMR

• We have also recently installed Gas AMR loggers
  at all our main office buildings.
• Gas AMR is a vital tool in reducing energy
  consumption from the half-hour data it provides.
  An example is shown on the following slides
• It also provides us with far more accurate
  billing as many of our gas bills for very large
  buildings are estimated !
• Paybacks for gas AMR are also often less than one
  year.

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BANBURY - PEMBROKE HOUSE GAS kWh REDUCTION BY
SWITCHING OFF BOILERS AT NIGHT IDENTIFIED BY
GAS AMR METERING
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BANBURY - PEMBROKE HOUSE GAS kWh REDUCTION BY
SWITCHING OFF BOILERS AT NIGHT IDENTIFIED BY
GAS AMR METERING
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RBS ENERGY SAVING PROJECTS

• RBS energy consumption representing 57 (64 of
  electricity) of the Vodafone UK total is a
  significant area for identifying financial
  savings
• The challenge is the large numbers of small
  sites.
• The implementation of AMR has provided far more
  accurate consumption data than was previously
  available.
• As a result there is a large focus on energy
  saving projects for RBS both in the UK
  Globally.
• The key energy consuming elements of a RBS is
• The Radio amplification equipment
• Batteries for UPS standby coverage
• Cooling equipment generally air conditioning
• Project teams have been setup at both UK global
  level to evaluate energy saving opportunities for
  these areas.
• In this presentation we are focussing on the RBS
  cooling area

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MOTOR CONTROLS ENERGY REDUCTION AT RBS SITES

• Motor Controls s have been installed on the
  compressors of the air conditioning units at
  over 3,000 Vodafone Radio Base Stations (RBS).
• The Controls reduce the power consumption of air
  conditioning units by 10 to 20. Air conditioning
  being approximately 40 of RBS consumption.
• The Controls work by matching the power into the
  motor to the motor load. As the motor rotates, it
  generates its own internal power supplied (back
  e.m.f.). This inherent motor characteristics is
  sensed by the Controls in opposition to the power
  which effectively amplifies this natural effect
  to provide a reduction in power to the motor when
  that power is not required. It does this by
  cutting the current and voltage to the motor 100
  times a second, the effective duration of the
  cutting off being zero at full load, increasing
  as the motor load requirement reduces.
• The units are installed as part of planned
  maintenance to minimise travelling impact and
  reduce costs
• Actual savings achieved 14 per site average
  13,044,334 kWh or 977,029 pa

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RBS COOLING SOLUTIONS

• The total RBS electricity consumption for
  2005/2006 is 250,512,211 kWh based on 11,431
  sites. Costing 16,481,374pa.
• It is estimated that there are at least 5,000 RBS
  cabin sites with air conditioning in the UK.
• The air conditioning electricity consumption is
  estimated at 101,605,050 kWh (approx 40 of
  RBS total). Costing 7,620,379 pa
• The Vodafone Technology site design team have
  developed a free fan cooling solution together
  with suppliers that is predicted to use less than
  23 (77 saving) of the a/c electricity
  consumption.
• This is has being deployed at 50 sites for an
  extended trial.
• In conjunction with this a trial site has been
  setup at CS565 Yattendon to review alternative
  cooling solutions as well as other energy saving
  projects.
• This is being carried as a joint UK
  Property/Technology/Group Energy team project

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RBS FREE COOLING TEST UNIT
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BATTERY COOLING

• Vodafone have carried out a trial on a battery
  cooling solution and are shortly to begin a
  larger rollout of up to 20 sites.
• This involves placing the batteries in what is
  effectively a small fridge. The batteries
  deteriorate rapidly at temperatures above 24C
• This solution will then allow internal RBS cabin
  temperatures to be raised from 24C to 29C and
  potentially 35C (dependent on all manufacturers
  specifications for radio equipment)
• That is predicted to save 22 of the current a/c
  electricity consumption by increasing to 29C.
• Using this is conjunction with free air cooling
  will increase savings further.
• The payback against capital for energy savings
  only is 2.52 years reducing to 2.20 years with
  increased energy costs from October 2007
• Other benefits
• Low inspection costs
• 30 longer battery life
• 30 less acid waste
• MTBF in excess of 15 years
• Easy to install
• Applicable for old and new base stations

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THE END OF THE PRESENTATION

• For further information please contact
• Simon Mendham
• Energy Manager
• Vodafone Property
• Tel [phone]
• Mobile [phone]
• Fax [phone]
• E-mail simon.mendham_at_vodafone.com
• Vodafone Limited
• Bell House, 2 The Connection, Newbury, Berkshire,
  RG14 2FN.