Post doc project

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Post doc project

• links between physiology, behaviour, and life
  history
• ecological implications of physiology
• physiological mechanisms of ecology

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Basic design

• natural and experimentally-induced variation in
  autumn hoard size
• winter behaviour and metabolism
• spring behaviour and metabolism
• reproductive success

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a) Metabolic requirements of foraging in a cold
environment

• reduced hoard size increases cold exposure
• increases thermogenic requirements
• increased Summit MR FMR RMR in winter

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b) Links between RMR, FMR, and SMR

• repeated winter and reproductive metabolic
  measurements
• quantified and experimentally manipulated food
  availability

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d) Metabolic consequences of early reproduction

• timing of parturition important
• natural (and experimentally induced?) variation
  in parturition date
• predict early breeders have higher FMR (and
  RMR?), lower production efficiency, but higher RS

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I. Autumn Hoarding Behaviour
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Autumn 2001 Hoarding Observations SU/KL Cone
Count 19.5
Average 1170
Number of Individuals
Estimated Number of Cones Hoarded
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Autumn 2002 Hoarding Observations SU/KL Cone
Count 35.0
Average 5020
Number of Individuals
Estimated Number of Cones Hoarded
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Autumn 2003 Hoarding Observations SU/KL Cone
Count 9
Average 5020
Number of Individuals
Estimated Number of Cones Hoarded
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Hoarding Functional Response
Estimated Number of Cones Hoarded
Number of Cones per Tree
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Within Year Variation by Age and Sex Class
Autumn 2002 Hoarding Observations SU/KL Cone
Count 35.0
Number of Individuals
Estimated Number of Cones Hoarded
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Scatterhoarding vs. Larderhoarding
Proportion of Cones Hoarded to 1o Midden
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Mushrooms/Truffles vs. Cones
Number of Individuals
Frequency of Mushroom/Truffle Hoarding (proportion
of total of hoarded items)
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Midden Surface Cone Counts
2001
2002
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Midden Surface Cone Counts
2001 2002 Combined r2 0.32, p lt 0.001
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II. Winter Reproductive Energetics
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Winter Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)
n 36, r2 0.11, p 0.047
Winter Resting Metabolic Rate (kJ/day)
Body Mass (g)
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Winter Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)
Winter Resting Metabolic Rate (kJ/day)
Avg 140 kJ/day
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Winter Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)
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Winter Field Metabolic Rate (FMR or DEE)
n 51, r2 0.190, p 0.001
Winter Daily Energy Expenditure (kJ/day)
Body Mass (g)
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Winter Field Metabolic Rate (FMR or DEE)
Winter Daily Energy Expenditure (kJ/day)
Avg 200 kJ/day
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Winter FMR vs. Winter RMR
n 28, r 0.012, p 0.95
Winter FMR (kJ/day)
Winter RMR (kJ/day)
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Winter FMR vs. Winter RMR
Winter Daily Energy Expenditure (x RMR)
Avg 1.45xRMR
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Winter FMR and Lactating FMR
Daily Energy Expenditure (kJ/day)
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Lactating FMR
n 46, r 0.001, p 0.94
Lactating Daily Energy Expenditure (kJ/day)
Body Mass (g)
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Lactating FMR
Lactating Daily Energy Expenditure (kJ/day)
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Lactating FMR
Lactating Daily Energy Expenditure (kJ/day)
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FMR Summary
Daily Energy Expenditure (kJ/day)
LL Food Add
KL/SU Control
LL Control
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Daily Energy Expenditure (kJ/day)
LL Food Add
KL/SU Control
LL Control
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FMR Summary
1994 Control (following mast year)
Daily Energy Expenditure (kJ/day)
LL Food Add
KL/SU Control
LL Control