Life at the Turn of the Century

1
Life at the Turn of the Century

• New Technology
• Expansion of Education
• Segregation and Discrimination
• Mass Culture

2
New Technology

• Millions of people moving into the cities to live
  and work.
• They need places to live, work and a way to get
  back and forth.

3
Skyscrapers

• Louis Sullivan and Daniel Burnham designed
  skyscrapers to deal with the lack of space and
  the need for more buildings.
• To the right is Louis Sullivans Wainwright
  Building in St. Louis

Louis Sullivan and Daniel Burnham designed
skyscrapers to deal with the lack of space and
the need for more buildings. To the right is
Louis Sullivans Wainwright Building in St. Louis
4
Electric Transit

• With the innovation of electricity mass transit
  could expand on a larger scale.
• Webs of electric wire.
• Allowed cities to spread outward.
• More lived in the suburbs and worked in the
  cities.

5
Urban Planning

• Urban planners like Fredrick Olmstead Law and
  Daniel Burnham wanted to keep nature close to the
  cities.
• Inclusion of parks and areas of serenity
• Central Park

6
Communication

• The transmission of information became faster as
  technology expanded to keep up!
• Railroads
• Air Travel - mail
• Linotype machine
• Web-perfecting press
• Photography

7
Life at the Turn of the Century

• New Technology
• Expansion of Education
• Segregation and Discrimination
• Mass Culture

8
Expansion of Education

• Public Education becomes more available and FREE!
• mandatory attendance
• Increased industrialization shows a need for more
  advance technology and managerial skills

9
Expansion of Education

• Higher Education available
• College students were mostly mid to high class
• Increased industrialization influenced the
  development of research colleges

10
Expansion of Education

• What about the new immigrants to America?
• Some chose to attend the public schools to aid
  Americanization
• Others disliked the protestant ideology of public
  schools, so they developed their own parochial
  schools

11
Life at the Turn of the Century

• New Technology
• Expansion of Education
• Segregation and Discrimination
• Mass Culture

12
Segregation and Discrimination

• African Americans were not welcome at most
  universities
• So they developed their own colleges
• By 1910 5 of Whites and .3 of Blacks were
  attending college

13
Segregation and Discrimination

• W.E.B. DuBois (first African American to graduate
  from Harvard) wanted Blacks to have equality now
• Booker T. Washington (founder of Tuskagee
  Institute) believed that Blacks need to work to
  make their life better.

14
Life at the Turn of the Century

• New Technology
• Expansion of Education
• Segregation and Discrimination
• Mass Culture

15
Mass Culture

• Education Culture
• Promoting fine arts
• Painting
• Literature
• Thomas Eakins
• Mark Twain
• Realists

16
Mass Culture

• What else created a mass culture in the United
  States?
• Leisure Activities
• Common experiences like amusements parks
• Bicycling
• Spectator sports (baseball)
• Live performances (ragtime, vaudeville, circuses)
• Motion Pictures