SRG 120 Fundamentals of Surgical Technology I

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SRG 120Fundamentals of Surgical Technology I

• Lecture 120-1
• Evolution of the
• Profession

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George Eliot

• What do we live for if not to make life less
  difficult for each other?

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Text

• Surgical Technology for the Surgical
  Technologist, 2nd Edition, AST,
• Chapter 1 Introduction to Surgical Technology

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Objectives

• Trace the historical development of surgery and
  surgical technology
• Define the categories of surgery
• Define the indicators for surgery

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History of Surgery

• Surgery- designates the branch of medicine that
  encompasses preoperative preparation,
  intraoperative judgment and management, and
  postoperative care of the patient

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Evolution of the Profession

• Anesthesia and antisepsis
• Up to 1940- nurses circulated
• WWII- ORTs
• 1965- roles reversed
• AORN-AORT 1968

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Historical Development

• Development of surgical specialties
• - because of the complexity of
• modern surgery, specializing on one
• specific body system became a
• necessity
• - we now even have subspecialties
• pediatric, geriatric, bariatric and trauma
  

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Surgical Specialties

• General
• Obstetrics
• Gynecologic
• Ophthalmic
• Otorhinolaryngologic
• Oral
• Maxillofacial
• Plastic
• Reconstructive
• Genitourinary
• Orthopedic
• Vascular- cardio and peripheral
• Neurosurgery

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Surgical Subspecialties

• Laparoscopic minimally invasive
• Orthopedic trauma
• Gastroenterology
• Podiatrist
• Surgical Oncology
• Maxiofacial prosthodontics
• Fertility
• Bariatric
• Pediatric/geriatric
• Laser refraction

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Reasons for Surgical Intervention

• To preserve life
• To maintain dynamic bodily equilibrium
• To undergo diagnostic procedures
• To prevent infection and to promote healing
• To ensure the ability to earn a living
• To restore or reconstruct
• To alter cosmetic appearance

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Categories of Surgery

• Emergent
• Urgent
• Elective
• Optional

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Indications for Surgery

• Diagnostics
• Breast biopsy
• Repair
• Hernia repair
• Removal
• Foreign body
• Reconstruction
• Creation of a new breast
• Palliation
• Relief of obstruction

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Indications for Surgery

• Aesthetics
• Facelift
• Harvest
• Autologous skin graft
• Procurement
• Donor organ
• Transplant
• Placement of a donor organ
• Bypass/shunt
• Vascular rerouting

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Indications for Surgery

• Drainage/evacuation
• Incision of abscess
• Stabilization
• Repair of a fracture
• Parturition
• Cesarean section
• Termination
• Abortion of a pregnancy

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Indications for Surgery

• Staging
• Checking cancer progression
• Extraction
• Removal of a tooth
• Exploration
• Invasive examination
• Diversion
• Creation of a stoma for urine