Daytona beach , Florida. Embry-Riddle. Aeronautical ..

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Evaluating the Financial and Operational Value
of ADS-B Equipage A University Flight
Department Perspective Frank Ayers,
Ed.D.Chairman, Flight Training Department
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical UniversityDaytona
beach , Florida
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Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Where the Eagles Fly
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Embry Riddle is

• 3 Campuses
• Daytona Beach, FL
• Prescott, AZ
• ERAU Worldwide
• Great Students
• 6,500 Residence
• 25,000 Worldwide
• Aviation Focused
• 1,600 flight students
• 100 aircraft (60/40)
• 42 Simulators
• Over 100,000 flight hours a year

Where the Eagles Fly
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Embry Riddle is Committed to
Safety! Technology!
Learning! People!
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ERAU Flight Business Model

• The university is a privately funded non-profit
  institution.
• Flight training is considered a revenues neutral
  lab for our students.
• Safety and educational excellence are the
  priorities!
• University leadership is actively involved!
• Flight safety does not have to vigorously compete
  for dollars
• Risk mitigation is a priority.
• Residual risk acceptance levels are relatively
  low.
• New equipment and technology embraced.

Where the Eagles Fly
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The Safety of our students and flight
instructors is our number one priority!

• Independent University Safety Oversight
• Students, instructors, and staff are actively
  involved in all aspects of the flight safety
  program!
• In- house maintenance
• perfect aircraft!
• Active 24 hour flight supervision
• Entire Fleet is ADS-B Equipped

David Zwegers Director, Aviation Safety
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A Little History

• Accident occurred Friday, September 15, 1995 in
  NEW SMYRNA BEACH, FLAircraft AEROSPATIALE
  TB-9, registration N117ERInjuries 3 Fatal, 1
  Uninjured. The Aerospatiale TB-9, N117ER (Embry
  Riddle) , was observed on short final approach,
  and the Piper PA-38 (Non Embry Riddle) had turned
  from base to final just above and behind the
  TB-9. Two pilots on the ground transmitted
  warnings to the aircraft but no action was taken.
  The aircraft collided the TB-9 sustained
  stabilator damage and nosed down and crashed. The
  Piper landed without further incident
• The National Transportation Safety Board
  determines the probable cause(s) of this accident
  as follows the failure of the pilots of both
  aircraft to see and avoid each other.

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And a little more

• Accident occurred Friday, December 03, 1999 in
  DELAND, FLAircraft Piper PA-28-161,
  registration N153ERInjuries 4 Fatal. After the
  Cadet airplane departed, the flight proceeded to
  the DeLand airport and remained in the traffic
  pattern for runway 05 The Seminole (non ERAU)
  flight continued on the VOR approach the last
  radar target of the Seminole was approximately .6
  nautical mile from the approach end of runway 23.
  Several individuals heard the Cadet flight
  announce on the DeLand CTAF that the flight was
  departing runway 05. The airplanes collided
  in-flight near the departure end of runway 05
  the wreckage of both airplanes came to rest
  within approximately 1/2 nautical mile from the
  departure end of runway 05.
• The National Transportation Safety Board
  determines the probable cause(s) of this accident
  as follows
• The inadequate visual lookout by the
  pilot-in-command (PIC)/certified flight
  instructor (CFI) of both aircraft. Contributing
  factors in the accident were 1) the frequency
  congestion of the CTAF 2) the poor in-flight
  planning decision by the PIC/CFI of the Seminole
  for his continuing a practice instrument approach
  to within approximately .6 nautical mile from the
  approach end of the runway with opposing
  airplanes departing on the upwind leg, and 3) the
  absence of guidance in the Aeronautical
  Information Manual and Advisory Circulars as to
  how or when to terminate a practice instrument
  approach to an airport that does not have an
  operating control tower.

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ERAU Safety Analysis

• Identified the Hazard
• Air traffic management at uncontrolled airports
  and in uncontrolled airspace.
• Calculated the Risk
• Frequency
• Severity
• Identified possible Mitigation Strategies

• Possible Mitigation Strategies
• Pilot Education/Involvement
• Flight Hour Reduction
• On Board Situational Awareness/ Collision
  Avoidance

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Strategy Number OnePilot Education/Involvement

• Hazard Mid-Air Collision
• Severity High
• Probability - Moderate
• Mitigation Strategy
• Increased communication between schools
• Formed Central Florida Flight School Org
• Coordinated practice areas/ frequencies
• Pre- Coordinated airport operations
• Resolved conflicts
• Risk Mitigation Effectiveness
• Severity None
• Probability Moderate
• Cost - minimal

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Strategy Number TwoIncreased Use of Simulation

• Hazard Mid-Air Collision
• Severity High
• Probability - Moderate
• Mitigation Strategy (2001-2003)
• Conversion to Part 142
• 35 Simulation based
• Dual Purpose
• Increase safety
• Increase instruction quality
• Risk Mitigation Effectiveness
• Severity No effect
• Probability Significant effect
• Flight hours reduced from 100,000 plus per year
  to approx 75,000
• Simulation increased from 10,000 hours per year
  to 35,000 plus
• Student costs and flight hours reduced.
• Cost Significant initial cost (nearly 10
  million dollars) , reduced long term cost

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Strategy Number ThreeOn Board Situational
AwarenessEnhancement / ADS-B

• Hazard Mid-Air Collision
• Severity High
• Probability - Moderate
• Mitigation Strategy (2001- 2003)
• Install On Board Situational Awareness/Collision
  Avoidance System
• Risk Mitigation Effectiveness
• Severity No effect
• Probability Significant effect
• Cost Moderate initial and recurring cost
• 20,000 dollars per aircraft
• Parts and labor

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ADS-B at ERAU

• Competitive fly off (2002 - 2003)
• ADS-B
• Traffic Identification Systems (TIS)
• ADS-B selected
• Non Radar environment at the Prescott campus
• Real time position updates (no sweep delay)
• Maturity of the technology (Capstone)
• Availability of desktop management system
• Comprehensive Real Time Analysis of Broadcast
  Systems (CRABS)
• Improved low altitude capability
• Below 1,000 feet in the practice area
• In the pattern at remote airfields.
• 2003 ERAU Equipped 100 aircraft
• 2 Million dollar investment in safety
• Changed the nature of the pilots situational
  awareness

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ADS- BNew Technology or Culture Change

• Operational experience changed relationships and
  broadened horizons
• Strategic and Tactical Use
• Initially tactical NMAC prevention
• Matured in to strategic risk avoidance use of
  ADS-B.
• Air Traffic Control and ERAU pilots
• Uncontrolled Airports
• Non participating ADS-B traffic
• Flight Dispatch/ Operational Analysis
• Noise Complaints
• Safety Investigation and Analysis

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Major Culture Shift

• 6 years of ERAU graduates immersed in Next Gen
  operations and technology
• ERAU Conducted FAA ADS-B Initial, OT E Flight
  Testing , and operational follow on.
• Nearly a generation of pilots ready for NexGen!

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ADS-B and the Conversion to Glass

• ERAU converted to an all Glass Cockpit Fleet in
  2007
• Christmas Day 2006 Tornado
• Diamond Twinstar
• Worked with the aircraft/avionics manufactures to
  install ADS-B in the Garmin G 1000
• Traffic !!!!!!
• Weather products?????
• Issues
• Technology interface
• Government commitment

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ADS-BGarmin G 1000
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ADS-B and ATC
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CRABSComprehensive Real Time Analysis of
Broadcast Systems
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ADS-B Tactical or Strategic
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Return on investment!

• The next five slides depict an actual save
  between two ERAU aircraft using ADS-B.
• Note that 491ER is a high wing climbing from a
  lower altitude.
• N712ER is a low wing aircraft at a higher
  altitude.
• The incident resulted from a blocked/ misheard
  radio transmission.
• The manuevers were begun using ADS-B and
  completed visually.

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Has the investment in ADS-B been worth the
dollars expended?
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Whats next?

• ADS-B cost should decrease and availability
  should increase.
• General Aviation should embrace the technology as
  these events come to pass.
• General aviation should have a strong voice in
• deployment and utilization of the technology.
• The needs of GA may be different than air carrier
  requirements?
• The term uncontrolled airport should be
  examined?
• The pilot controller relationship should be
  examined?
• ADS-B can significantly improve safety below
  10,000 feet.
• GA has a strong experience base in ADS-B
• CAPSTONE
• ERAU
• Others.Associations, Academia, Flight
  Schools.

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Embry-Riddle Aeronautical UniversityFlight
Training Department
Where the Eagles Fly