Scientific Measurements

1
Scientific Measurements

• The metric system

2
Metric Prefixes

• Kilo 1000
• Hecto 100
• Deka 10
• Deci 1/10
• Centi 1/100
• Milli 1/1000

3
Meters, Liters, Grams

• Meters measure length
• Liters measure volume
• Grams measure mass

4
How Big?

• A meter is about 39 inches
• A kilometer is 0.6 mile
• A centimeter is about the width of your little
  finger
• A gram is about the mass of a paper clip
• A kilogram is 2.2 pounds
• You drink 2 liters of pop

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Other metric units

• Temperature is measured in degrees celsius or
  centigrade
• Heat is measured in calories or joules
• Weight is measured in newtons
• Mega 1,ooo,ooo
• Micro one millionth
• Nano one billionth

6
Graduated cylinder measurement

• Volume is measured using a graduated cylinder.
• When reading a graduated cylinder, read the
  bottom of the meniscus.

7
K H D O D C M

• Changing from one metric unit to another is
  called metric conversion
• O is the space where meter, liter, or gram
  belongs
• Kids Have Dropped Over Dead Converting Metrics
• Lets practice!

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K H D O D C M

• To change from one metric unit to another, we
  simply move the decimal point.
• For example
• 25.4 km _____________ cm?
• K-H-D-O-D-C is 5 places to the right
• 25.4 km 2,540,000 cm

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K H D O D C M

• 30 cm ___________hm
• C D- O D- H is 4 places to the left
• 30 cm 0.0030 hm
• (this is the same as 0.003 hm)
• 14 dal _____dl
• D- O D is 2 places to the right
• 14 dal 1400 dl

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Scientific notation

• Rules
• 1 digit before the decimal point
• Multiply the number by a power of 10
• Example Write 34,000 in scientific notation.
• Solution 3.4 x 104

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Write the following in scientific notation
4.1 x 106

• 4,100,000 _______________
• 345,600,000,000 _________
• 0.0456 ________________
• 0.00000012____________
• O.00305 ____________

3.456 x 1011
4.56 x 10-2
1.2 x 10-7
3.05 x 10-3
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Write the following in standard form
4670

• 4.67 x 103 __________________
• 3.112 x 105 _________________
• 3.112 x 10-4 ________________
• 4 x 10-6 ___________________
• 1 x 1011 __________________

311200
0.0003112
0.000004
100,000,000,000
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Density of Water

• One milliliter of water
• Has a mass of 1 gram
• Density Mass Volume
• Calculate the density of water

1g 1ml 1g/ml
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Measuring water

• If you wanted to measure 25ml of water, what
  instrument would you use?

15
Measuring water 2

• If you wanted to measure 25 grams of water, what
  2 instruments could you use?

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Measuring volume of a solid by water displacement
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One cubic centimeter one milliliter
Using water displacement, how many milliliters do
you expect the water to raise when the cube is
lowered?
This cubes sides are each 3 cm. What is the
volume of the cube?
27 cubic cm
27 ml
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Thats all folks!

• Time to try some on your worksheets!