IMPORTANT TRANSBOUNDARY GROUNDWATER BODIES IN ROMANIA

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IMPORTANT TRANSBOUNDARY GROUNDWATER BODIES IN
ROMANIA

• Dr. Eng. Mihai Bretotean, Dr. Rodica Macalet, Dr.
  Augustin Tenu, Gabriel Tomescu, Tudor Munteanu,
  Catalina Radu, Doina Dragusin, Emil Radu, Marin
  Minciuna
• NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF HYDROLOGY AND WATER
  MANAGEMENT

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I. CHARACTERISATION OF GROUNDWATERS BODIES (1)
As a consequence of the groundwater
characterization according to the Water Framework
Directive 2000/60 /EC, in Romania there were
identified, delimited and described a number of
129 groundwater bodies, from which 20 bodies are
at risk (qualitative) and 19 bodies are
transboundary
Groundwater bodies of Romania
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• I. CHARACTERISATION OF GROUNDWATERS BODIES (2)
•  
• From the 19 Romanian transboundary groundwater
  bodies, through bilateral agreements there were
  established that being important for a integrated
  management a number of 8 bodies, as follows
• 4 transboundary groundwater bodies with Hungary
  (ROSO01, ROSO13,
• ROMU20, ROMU22)
• 1 transboundary groundwater body with Serbia
  (ROBA18)
• 2 transboundary groundwater bodies with Bulgaria
  (RODL04, RODL06)
• 1 transboundary groundwater body with Moldova
  Republic (ROPR05).
• From the 8 important identified transboundary
  groundwater bodies, 6 belong to the
  porous-permeable type (stored in Quaternary,
  Pannonian and Sarmatian deposits) and 2 of them
  belong to the fissural-karstic type (developed in
  Sarmatian and Upper Jurassic Lower Cretaceous
  formations).

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I. CHARACTERISATION OF GROUNDWATERS BODIES (3)
Transboundary groundwater bodies with bilateral
agreements
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I. CHARACTERISATION OF GROUNDWATERS BODIES (4)
Characteristics of transboundary groundwater
bodies with bilateral agreements
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II. GROUNDWATER MONITORING IN ROMANIA (1)
A. National Hydrogeological Network
1. For phreatic aquiferous strata (until 20 50
m)

• hydrogeological stations types

• Ist order (aim surveying of connection between
  groundwaters and surface waters) transversal
  alignments of wells (2 15) on the main surface
  water courses, situated at the distance of 15
  20 km between them (located in floodplains and
  terraces)
• - IInd order (aim surveying of groundwaters
  regime relative to climatic factors) isolated
  wells (1 2) located in interfluve areas of
  plains, with a density of 1 well/ 20 km2 - 1
  well/ 50 km2

• achievement period 1960 1972
• total number of achieved wells ca. 5.500, from
  which in observation

• for levels and temperatures ca. 4.000
• for water quality ca. 1.200

• measurements program

• levels and temperatures - at each 3 days
• samplings and analyses twice/ year (at minimum
  and maximum levels)
• analyzed indicators 22 (general and of
  pollution NO3, NO2, NH4 etc.)

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II. GROUNDWATER MONITORING IN ROMANIA (2)
2. For depth aquiferous strata (50 400 m)

• location unknown areas for depth aquifers of
  strata
• achievement period 1970 at present
• total number of wells ca. 500
• measurements program

• levels and temperatures once/month
• samplings and analyses once/ 2 3 year
• analyzed indicators 22 (general and of
  pollution
• NO3, NO2, NH4 etc.).

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II. GROUNDWATER MONITORING IN ROMANIA (3)
The National Hydrogeological Network
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II. GROUNDWATER MONITORING IN ROMANIA (4)
B. Local Monitoring Networks
a. Objectives and wells types

• local surveying of water quality (pollution)
  evolution in case of some pollutant objectives
  (factories, wastelands etc.), by wells for
  phreatic aquiferous strata
• surveying piezometric levels evolution in areas
  of some important groundwater catchments, by
  wells with depth depending on catched aquifer

b. Responsibles owners of pollutant objectives
or groundwater catchments
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III. AGREEMENTS /PROJECTS CONCERNING IMPORTANT
TRANSBOUNDARY GROUNDWATER BODIES (1)

• Agreements
• There were achieved bilateral agreements with
  Hungary, Serbia,
• Bulgaria and Moldova Republic concerning the
  important groundwater
• bodies, which aimed
• establishment of the transboundary groundwater
  bodies considered that being important (with
  areas exceeding 4000 km2 and /or important for
  water supplying)
• harmonization of the important transboundary
  groundwater bodies characterization between
  neighboring countries
• elaboration of the Roof Report taking into
  account achieved agreements and transmission of
  this report to ICPDR Vienna.

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III. AGREEMENTS /PROJECTS CONCERNING IMPORTANT
TRANSBOUNDARY GROUNDWATER BODIES (2)

• B. Projects (1)
• There were initiated common projects concerning
  transboundary groundwater bodies, as follows
• 1. with HUNGARY, concerning
• GWB ROSO01 and ROSO13, the project entitled NATO
  SfP 973684 SQUASH (Somes /Szamos Quantitative
  and Qualitative Study of the Hydrogeology), in
  2001 2004 period (with participation of
  University of Liege - Belgium)
• GWB ROMU20 and ROMU22, the project entitled
  Evaluation of the groundwater resources of the
  Mures river alluvial fan through mathematical
  modeling, project in initial phase, following to
  be achieved in 2005 2007 period, approved by
  Hydrotechnical Romanian /Hungarian Commission.

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III. AGREEMENTS /PROJECTS CONCERNING IMPORTANT
TRANSBOUNDARY GROUNDWATER BODIES (3)

• B. Projects (2)
• 2. with BULGARIA, concerning
• GWB RODL04 and RODL06, the project entitled
  Integrated Management of Transboundary
  Groundwater between Bulgaria and Romania in
  Dobrogea Area, project proposed for approval,
  following to be achieved in 2005 2007 period,
  financed from PHARE funds.

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III. AGREEMENTS /PROJECTS CONCERNING IMPORTANT
TRANSBOUNDARY GROUNDWATER BODIES (4)

• Generally, the common projects take into account
  the following objectives
• evaluation of the groundwater resources from
  quantitative and qualitative point of view
• projection of a monitoring system with
  information changings
• establishment of some protection necessary
  measures of the groundwater bodies
• promotion of a sustainable integrated water
  management based on a long-term protection and
  wise use of available water resources
• development the capacity of water authorities
  relative to establish sustainable groundwater
  management - assessment, monitoring, exploitation
  and protection.

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IV. NECESSARY MEASURES FOR SUSTAINABLE
MANAGEMENT, INCLUDING TRANSBOUNDARY GROUNDWATER
BODIES (1)

• A) Common measures
• Analysis of monitoring wells national network and
  redimension of this network according to specific
  requests, especially in case of the risk and
  transboundary groundwater bodies
• Endowment of wells national network with
  measuring and possibly data transmission
  apparatus (quality data type for indicators
  requested by Water Framework Directive and which
  have presented in case of Romania the highest
  frequency NH4, NO2, NO3, electric conductivity
  etc.)
• Institution intensification of protected areas
• Monitoring wells placement for evolution
  determination in time of piezometric situation
  concerning the main catchments
• Implementation of appropriate agricultural
  practice for environment protection, including
  groundwater
• Initiation of a educative national program for
  groundwater and generally environment protection.

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IV. NECESSARY MEASURES FOR SUSTAINABLE
MANAGEMENT, INCLUDING TRANSBOUNDARY GROUNDWATER
BODIES (2)

• B) Special measures for risk groundwater bodies
  status improvement
• Ceasing pollutions which have generated proved
  impacts and the decreasing of anthropic pressures
  which constitute potential impacts for
  groundwater bodies
• Achievement of monitoring local network of
  groundwater quality from the areas of objectives
  with high pollution level /risk
• Implementation of some techniques of remediation
  of polluted groundwater bodies.

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!