2005 National Immunization Survey

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2005 National Immunization Survey

• Stephen L. Cochi, M.D., M.P.H.
• Acting Director
• National Immunization Program, CDC
• National Press Club
• July 27, 2005

Department of Health and Human Services Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention
2

• Vaccines are one of the most important tools we
  have to protect the health of our nation's most
  vulnerable citizens, our children.

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Vaccines areHighly Cost Effective
For every 1 spent

• DTaP saves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.00
• MMR saves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.00
• Perinatal Hep B saves . . . . . . . 14.70
• Varicella saves . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.40
• Inactivated Polio (IPV) saves. . 5.45
• direct and indirect savings
• (including work loss, death, and disability)

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Childhood Immunization Program Successes

• Vaccine-preventable diseases at an all time low
• Record high coverage rates
• Measles is no longer endemic in the U.S. and
  Western Hemisphere
• Rubella Eliminated

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• Immunization is one of the most important ways
  parents can protect their children against
  serious diseases.

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Comparison of 20th Century Annual Morbidity and
Current Morbidity, Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
(pre-1990 Vaccines)
Numbers in yellow indicate at or near record
lows in 2004
Source CDC. MMWR April 2, 1999. 48 242-264
Provisional 2004 Data
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Comparison of Pre-Vaccine EraEstimated Annual
Morbidity and Current Morbidity,Vaccine-Preventab
le Diseases (post-1990 Vaccines)
N/A not available
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• We now have the means to protect our nations
  children against 13 diseases that in the past
  caused great suffering, disability and premature
  death. 

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Number of Vaccines in the RoutineChildhood
Immunization Schedule
1985 (7)
1995 (10)
2005 (13)
Measles Rubella Mumps Diphtheria Tetanus Pertussis
Polio Hib (infant) HepB Varicella Pneumococcal
Disease Influenza Meningococcal
Measles Rubella Mumps Diphtheria Tetanus Pertussis
Polio Hib (infant) HepB Varicella
Measles Rubella Mumps Diphtheria Tetanus Pertussis
Polio
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Pertussis-related Deaths that have been Reported
to CDC This Year

• A 52-day-old African-American male from MS.
• An infant from MT.
• A 2-month-old Native American female from NM.
• A 6-week-old infant from OR.
• A 96-day-old, white female from WI.
• A 4-week-old, white Hispanic female from CA.
• A 2-month-old, white Hispanic male from CO.
• A 27-day-old white female infant from NC.
• A 29-day-old female infant from AZ.
• A 3-month-old African-American male infant from
  FL.
• A 13-day-old Hispanic male infant from CA.
• A 14-day-old Hispanic female from CA.
• A 16-week-old white male from IL.
• A 36-day-old white male from WI.
• A White male infant from Jefferson Parish, LA

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Vaccines on the Horizon
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Vaccine-Specific Coverage Rates Among Pre-school
Aged Children
DTP(3) is not a Healthy People 2010 objective.
DTP(4) is used to assess Healthy People 2010
objectives. Note Children in the USIS and NHIS
were 24-35 months of age. Children in the NIS
were 19-35 months of age. Source USIS
(1967-1985), NHIS (1991-1993) CDC, NCHS, and NIS
(1994-December 2003), CDC, NIP and NCHS No data
from 1986-1990 due to cancellation of USIS
because of budget reductions0
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Estimated Vaccination Coverage with the
43133 Series, by Coverage Level and
StateNational Coverage 81
VT 85
81
? 90
80-89
70-79
? 69
4DTP, 3Polio, 1MCV, 3Hib, 3HepB
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Estimated Vaccination Coverage with Series Among
Children 19-35 Months of Age, National
Immunization Survey, 2000 2004
Percent
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Estimated Vaccination Coverage with Series Among
Children 19-35 Months of Age, National
Immunization Survey, 2000 - 2004
Percent
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Challenges

• Introducing new vaccines
• Establishing and maintaining a steady vaccine
  supply
• Vaccine financing
• Reducing remaining racial/ethnic disparities in
  coverage
• Addressing unfounded fears about vaccine safety

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Estimated Vaccination Coverage Among Children
19-35 Months of Age by Race/Ethnicity US,
National Immunization Survey, 2000-2004
43133
EstimateNA (Not Available) if the unweighted
sample size for the numerator was width)/Estimate 0.5 or (CI half
width)10 Self-reported by respondent.
Individual racial groups do not include Hispanic
children. Children of Hispanic ethnicity may be
of any race 4 or more doses of DTP, 3 or more
doses of poliovirus vaccine, 1 or more doses of
any MCV, 3 or more doses of Hib, and 3 or more
doses of HepB
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Children Receiving Autism Services by Quarter,
California, 2002-2005
California Department of Developmental Services
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Summary
Protecting our Children

• Record high coverage rates
• 2010 goal of 80 vaccination series complete by
  age 2 years already achieved
• More needs to be done to sustain the immunization
  system and protect more children

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Department of Health and Human Services Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention
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Estimated Vaccination Coverage with Series Among
Children 19-35 Months of Age, National
Immunization Survey, 2000 2004
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Estimated Vaccination Coverage with Individual
Vaccines Among Children 19-35 Months of Age,
National Immunization Survey, 2002 2003
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Estimated Vaccination Coverage Among Children
19-35 Months of Age by Race/Ethnicity US,
National Immunization Survey, 2000-2004
43133
EstimateNA (Not Available) if the unweighted
sample size for the numerator was width)/Estimate 0.5 or (CI half
width)10 Self-reported by respondent.
Individual racial groups do not include Hispanic
children. Children of Hispanic ethnicity may be
of any race 4 or more doses of DTP, 3 or more
doses of poliovirus vaccine, 1 or more doses of
any MCV, 3 or more doses of Hib, and 3 or more
doses of HepB