Lab 9

1
Lab 9

• Bryophytes

2
Land Plants

• General features of the green plants
• Common name Land plants
• Synonyms Embryophytes, Kingdom Plantae
• Habitat Terrestrial, some secondarily freshwater
  or marine
• Growth habit Multicellular thallus, or stems,
  roots, and leaves
• Undulipodia (flagella) Whiplash (2 to 1000)
  on sperm cells only, or none

3
Land Plants

• Clonal reproduction Multicellular propagules,
  vegetative
• Sexual reproduction Heteromorphic alternation of
  generations
• Included Phyla Hepatophyta, Anthocerophyta,
  Bryophyta, Lycophyta, Psilotophyta, Sphenophyta,
  Pterophyta, Cycadophyta, Ginkgophyta,
  Coniferophyta, Gnetophyta, Anthophyta
• Recognized by Embryonic sporophytes, airborne
  meiospores, cuticle

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Hepatophyta

• General features of the land plants
• Common name Liverworts
• Synonyms Marchantiophyta
• Growth habit Multicellular thallus, or stems
  and leaves
• Undulipodia (flagella) Two whiplash

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Hepatophyta

• Conductive cells None
• Clonal reproduction Gemmae (multicellular
  propagules)
• Sexual reproduction Homosporous
• Representative genera Marchantia, Porella
• Recognized by Sporophytes with short setae,
  short capsules, and elaters leaves (if present)
  without midribs

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A Marchantia, other genera
Hepatophyta
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A Marchantia gemma cup
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D Marchantia antheridiophores
Hepatophyta
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A Marchantia antheridiophore
Hepatophyta
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D Marchantia archegoniophores
Hepatophyta
11
A Marchantia archegoniophore
Hepatophyta
12
D Marchantia sporophytes
Hepatophyta
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A Marchantia mature sporophyte
Hepatophyta
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D Porella preserved gametophyte
Hepatophyta
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A Porella antheridiophore
Hepatophyta
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D Porella archegoniophore
Hepatophyta
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D Porella sporophyte
Hepatophyta
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D Porella sporophyte
Hepatophyta
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Anthocerophyta

• General features of the land plants
• Common name Hornworts
• Synonyms None
• Growth habit Multicellular thallus
• Undulipodia (flagella) Two whiplash

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Anthocerophyta

• Conductive cells None
• Clonal reproduction None
• Sexual reproduction Homosporous
• Representative genera Anthoceros
• Recognized by Thalloid gametophyte sporophyte
  with long capsule

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D Anthoceros
Anthocerophyta
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D Anthoceros antheridia
Anthocerophyta
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A Anthoceros
Anthocerophyta
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D Anthoceros foot
Anthocerophyta
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A Anthoceros meiosporangium
Anthocerophyta
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Bryophyta

• General features of the land plants
• Common name Mosses
• Synonyms Muscophyta
• Growth habit Multicellular stems and leaves
• Undulipodia (flagella) Two whiplash

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Bryophyta

• Conductive cells Leptoids (food) and hydroids
  (water)
• Clonal reproduction Gemmae (multicellular
  propagules)
• Sexual reproduction Homosporous
• Representative genera Mnium, Polytrichum
• Recognized by Sporophytes with long setae and
  peristomes, leafy gametophytes

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P Assorted mosses
Bryophyta
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A Moss protonema
Bryophyta
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A Mnium stem
Bryophyta
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A Mnium antheridia
Bryophyta
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A Moss archegonium
Bryophyta
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A Mnium mature sporophyte
Bryophyta
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D Moss peristome
Bryophyta
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Distinguishing the sporophytes