RFID Fitness Tracking System

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RFID Fitness Tracking System

• Dan Shefchik, Scott Bugenhagen, Josh Leeder, Pam
  Duda, Nicole Gregor

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Overview
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Introduction

• RFID technology
• Tags emit waves that are received by an interface
• Database analyzes and organizes the information
  received
• Medical research used to analyze the users
  health

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Basics

• Use of EM (radio) waves to send/receive signals
  between a transponder or RF tag and transceiver
  (with decoder)
• Antennas exist in many shapes, can be built into
  doorways, tollbooths, etc. EMF can be constantly
  present or activated by sensor
• Consist of IC built into tag that can be used to
  read and/or write

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Passive RFID

• Reflects/absorbs small amount of energy from
  readers signal to generate its own signal, ie.,
  no battery
• Reader must produce large amt. of power
• Small range (reader range, tag can only transmit very weak
  signal
• No sensor capability- can only read/transfer
  sensor values when within readers range
• Small amt. power means that it can only
  read/write small amt. of data
• about 128 bytes
• Lower cost, longer life than active RFID tags

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How to find max heart rate

• Used to find percent of exercise
• Formula for males
• 210 - .5(your age) - 5(your weight) 4
• Formula for females
• 210 - .5(your age) 1(your Weight)

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Zones

• 50 to 60 of you max heart rate
• 60 to 70 of you max heart rate
• 70 to 80 of you max heart rate
• 80 to 90 of your max heart rate
• 90 to 100 of your max heart rate

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Blood Pressure

• Exercise lowers blood pressure significantly
• Lowering blood pressure reduces your chances of
  heart disease
• System will also monitor blood pressure

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Calories to Fat

• When calorie intake Calories needed for
  maintenance calories needed for current
  activity ? excess calories stored as fat
• When burning more calories than are consumed
  lose fat
• Causes fat to be broken down to supply energy
  for the activity

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Existing Watches
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Watch Itself

• Compact design
• Intuitive interface
• Lightweight
• Water-resistance.
• Batteries common enough that they can easily be
  replaced
• Ability to scroll through functions like a cell
  phone

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Program

• Calculation of calorie expenditure
• Intuitive interface
• Average and maximum heart rate for the whole
  exercise period
• Listing of target zones for heart rate
• Lap times with heart rate (in graph and tabular
  form)
• Maximum and average heart rate for each lap
• Shows the time spent in, above and below each
  target training zone
• Shows the recovery time (time for heart rate to
  return to resting heart rate from an elevated
  level)

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Watch Itself

• Option to use different types of watch bands
• (one article showed that Velcro watch bands may
  be preferable to plastic)
• Including on the display the time of day
• Ability to program the watch to have certain
  heart rate limits
• watch will beep upon violation of the programmed
  limits
• Inclusion of a type of charger for the watch so
  that batteries can be replaced less frequently

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Heart Rate Monitoring Chest Strap

• Pro
• Constantly monitors heart rate
• Better overall heart rate data
• Con
• Has to be attached around the chest of all users
• May deter some prospective users because of the
  large number of total users

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Heart Rate Monitoring Touch-Based

• Pro
• No chest strap
• Con
• Recording heart rate data from this system may be
  more difficult
• No pre-existing watches record data from a
  touch-based system
• Current systems only display the data once
• Heart rate not constantly monitored
• Less accurate data for our program to analyze

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Standards
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Standards

• ISO (International Standards Organization
• This is the Organization that set the standards
  for many technological devices and is based in
  Geneva.
• In 2004 they set frequency standards for the
  different RFID tags
• There was no standards on size or programing

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Different Standards

• The problem with RFID is that it is so new.
• Different companies are using different standards
  for the RFIDs they produce.
• The leading company for this is Wal-Mart
• They have their own set standards
• Since this company is so big it is setting the
  standards for the many of the other companies
  also.

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Set Standards

• Currently there is no universal standard set for
  RFID frequencies
• That is why most systems are only in house
  systems and can not be used everywhere
• Thus, as far as standards go, this does not
  really need to be worried about. Perhaps looking
  at the ISO standards and utilizing them is what
  should be done.

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Embedded RF wireless systems
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Basics

• RF wireless
• Radio frequency data communications
• Wireless transmission of data by digital radio
  signals
• Radio connection between mobile terminal and host
  computer
• Embedded RF wireless module
• All circuitry required is placed on a single
  IC-style chip
• 6 Basic components

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1. Information source

• A) Analog
• Communicated by the amplitude of an input with
  relationship to time
• Modified phase/amplitude introduces distortion
• Affected by noise
• B) Digital
• Communicated by the state (voltage) of an input
  at a given time
• No distortion
• Errors occur if either the state or timing of
  digital information is not accurately reproduced

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2. Transmitter

• Converts signal at input into
• an RF frequency that allows
• tranmission
• Basically an oscillator and
• amplifier
• Information source modifies
• phase, frequency, or
• amplitude

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Antennas Transmission Channel

• Antennas
• The most overlooked, and most critical component
• Important for both transmission and reception
• Internal (PCB) and external antennas
• External have better performance
• Transmission Channel
• Mainly air with any obstacles along the way
• Path loss signal strength (transmit)- strength
  (receive)
• Affected by antenna height, obstacles, air
  mosture, etc.
• Link Budget transmit power receiver
  sensitivity
• If link budget is greater than path loss,
  transmitter can communicate with the receiver

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Receiver Information Sink

• Receiver
• Receives a modulated RF signal and recreates the
  base band information
• Most embedded wireless systems use either ASK,
  FSK, or PSK
• Receiver performance/price depends on type of
  modulation
• ASK is affected by interference and noise
• FSK is most popular because of higher performance
• PSK requires timing circuitry, and is complicated
  and expensive
• Information Sink
• Device that receives the information from the
  receiver
• Must have the ability to identify/recover from
  corrupt data

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Putting it all together
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Survey
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Goals

• Investigate interest for use of exercise tracking
  system for the Kern Center
• Determine interest for different features under
  consideration
• Solicit input as to possible features not under
  consideration that might improve the product

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Survey Results

• Question one
• A) Would you be interested in using an exercise
  tracking system in the Kern Center?
• B) If yes, how often would you use the system per
  week?

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Survey Results

• Question 1
• C) How often do you work out per week at the Kern
  Center?
• Question 2
• What features would you be interested in having
  in this system?

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Survey Results

• Question 3
• Please write any other features that you would be
  interested in
• Weightlifting features
• Step counter
• MP3 player

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House of Quality

• QFD House of Quality
• Graphical representation of relationship between
  users wants and how the supplier can provide
  those wants

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FUNDING RESEARCH
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Grant Research

• Universities provide grants to their students
  only
• Council on Undergraduate Research
• Whitaker Foundation
• National Institute of Health

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National Institutes of Health Search

• Significance
• Approach
• Innovation
• Investigators
• Environment

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Significance

• How critical is the problem?
• How will our solution advance science and
  engineering?
• How will our product change sports medicine?

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Approach

• How thorough is our background research?
• Are our methods appropriate for the solution?
• Have multiple possible solutions been considered?

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Innovation

• How is our product different from similar
  existing products?
• Has a patent search been carried out?
• How do the techniques used differ from other
  methods?

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Investigators

• Do we have the experience and education necessary
  to complete the project?
• Do the individual team members vary from each
  other?

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Environment

• Do we have the resources?
• Equipment
• Contacts
• Do we have time?
• Do we have space?